In Capital and Ideology, Thomas Piketty returns to questions of historical inequality, not merely to fill in the gaps in the earlier, widely circulated and impactful Capital in the 21st Century, but to undertake a far more ambitious and nuanced project. Critics (Bhambra & Holmwood, 2018;Moeller, 2016) pointed out that in the previous book, Piketty's consideration of the role of high concentrations wealth on inequality focused largely on a handful of relatively wealthy countries (the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, and Japan). More importantly, it did not consider the political and economic relationships, forged by European colonization and the trans-Atlantic slave trade that helped to create lasting inequalities in wealth, status, education, and life expectancy around the globe. These oversights corresponded to significant methodological gaps, in which inequalities defined by social status and identity, including gender, race, and caste, were largely left out of considerations that centered around economic and material disparities. Yet, these different forms of inequalities are intimately connected, as gender wage gaps and racial wealth gaps in different parts of the world attest.Capital and Ideology sets out to rectify both sets of criticisms and in doing so, offers a refreshingly large lens on the historical creation, stabilization, and reformation of systems of inequality. The book covers an impressively varied set of social and historical topics, from the creation of feudal regimes of property in 11th century France, to the exploitation of slave labor in plantation economies in the Americas and the stabilization of caste hierarchies under colonial rule in India.Despite its incredible scope, range, and ambition, Capital and Ideology once again brings into sharp focus the great economic transformations that took place in the middle of the 20th century, contrasting these with rising inequality in our times. According to Piketty (2020, p. 20), the "most worrisome structural changes facing us today [include] the revival of inequality nearly everywhere since the 1980s." As his work here and elsewhere explains, the extreme material and social disparities of the Gilded Age were dramatically rolled back by war, global depression, and the creation of This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.