Education level moderates learning on two versions of the Iowa Gambling Task

Davis, Caroline; Fox, John; Patte, Karen A.; Curtis, Claire; Strimas, Rachel; Reid, Caroline; C, McCool

doi:10.1017/s1355617708081204

Cited by 41 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…El nivel de estudios influye en la evolución de la tarea normal en los controles, no así en los consumidores, destacando que las puntuaciones de los universitarios tienden a ser a lo largo de la tarea normal mayores que en el resto de participantes, en la línea de lo obtenido por Davis et al (2008), pero contrasta con los resultados de Evans, Kemish y Turnbull (2004) que obtienen una relación inversa entre el nivel de estudios y la IGT. Si bien Bechara (2007) informa de efectos menores del nivel de estudios en la IGT.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Mecanismos cognitivos en la toma de decisiones arriesgadas en consumidores de cannabis

et al. 2014

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The relationship between the use of cannabis and the decisionmaking processes was explored. A computerized version of the Iowa Gambling Task (Cards Software) in its normal and reverse version was used, and the Prospect Valence Learning (PVL) model, which characterize the process of decision-making based on the parameters: Recency, Consistency, Loss aversion and Utility shape, was applied.Seventy-three cannabis consumers and a control group with 73 nonconsumers participated in the study. In the normal mode, subjects in the control group scored higher than cannabis consumers. Both groups showed consistent responses and aversion to loss. Nonconsumers showed greater influence of the gain-loss frequency, while consumers were more influenced by the magnitude of the gain-loss.The influence of immediate choices was higher among consumers who showed a quick oblivion while in the control group this process was more gradual. In the reverse mode, task performance was better among control group participants. Both groups showed consistency, loss aversion, more influenced by the magnitude of the gain-loss, and low influence of immediate elections.The results show the relationship between drug use and the decision-

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Mecanismos cognitivos en la toma de decisiones arriesgadas en consumidores de cannabis

et al. 2014

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“…Esta variabilidad en la ejecución de la igt podría deberse a la influencia de ciertos factores como la edad (Denburg et al, 2009), el nivel de educación (Davis et al, 2008) (Glicksohn y Zilberman, 2010). Con respecto a este último factor, en los últimos años ha empezado a recibir atención la relación entre la ansiedad y la toma de decisiones, aunque los resultados todavía son contradictorios.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Ansiedad y toma de decisiones en la Iowa Gambling Task

Fonfría¹,

Cabedo²,

Gil³

et al. 2015

AgoraSalut

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ResumenLa hipótesis de los marcadores somáticos propone que la emoción influye en la toma de decisiones mediante señales corporales que indican las consecuencias a largo plazo de una determinada elección. Estudios previos no concluyentes han mostrado que la ansiedad podría influir en el proceso de toma de decisiones. Con el objeto de investigar esta relación, una muestra de 54 estudiantes universitarias clasificadas en dos grupos extremos de ansiedad a partir de sus puntuaciones en la escala Sensitivity to Punishment (sP) del cuestionario sPsRQ realizaron la Iowa Gambling Task (igt). La igt simula la toma de decisiones en la vida real en términos de recompensa, castigo e incertidumbre, a través de una secuencia de elecciones de cartas de cuatro mazos diferentes con el objetivo de ganar dinero. Además de considerar el rendimiento conductual en la tarea, se registraron las respuestas de conductancia de la piel antes y después de cada elección, como medida de la activación psicofisiológica. Los resultados mostraron * Esta investigación ha sido posible gracias a la financiación de los proyectos seJ2007-61742 del Ministerio de ciencia e Innovación y Psi2011-22559 del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad. Correspondencia: Javier

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“…Furthermore, this study surveyed nine previous studies, which utilized iIGT as the research instrument (Table 4) [13], [14], [31], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38]. These studies presented their data using the two-category format (good (iA+iB) vs. bad (iC+iD)) [13], [14], [31], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39]. Therefore, the mean number of each deck cannot be observed directly and the evaluation of the frequency effect is inaccessible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mirrored Prominent Deck B Phenomenon: Frequent Small Losses Override Infrequent Large Gains in the Inverted Iowa Gambling Task

et al. 2012

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Since Bechara et al. pioneered its development, the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) has been widely applied to elucidate decision behavior and medial prefrontal function. Although most decision makers can hunch the final benefits of IGT, ventromedial prefrontal lesions generate a myopic choice pattern. Additionally, the Iowa group developed a revised IGT (inverted IGT, iIGT) to confirm the IGT validity. Each iIGT trial was generated from the trial of IGT by multiplying by a “−” to create an inverted monetary value. Thus, bad decks A and B in the IGT become good decks iA and iB in the iIGT; additionally, good decks C and D in the IGT become bad decks iC and iD in the iIGT. Furthermore, IGT possessed mostly the gain trials, and iIGT possessed mainly the loss trials. Therefore, IGT is a frequent-gain–based task, and iIGT is a frequent-loss–based task. However, a growing number of IGT-related studies have identified confounding factors in IGT (i.e., gain-loss frequency), which are demonstrated by the prominent deck B phenomenon (PDB phenomenon). Nevertheless, the mirrored PDB phenomenon and guiding power of gain-loss frequency in iIGT have seldom been reexamined. This experimental finding supports the prediction based on gain-loss frequency. This study identifies the mirrored PDB phenomenon. Frequent small losses override occasional large gains in deck iB of the iIGT. Learning curve analysis generally supports the phenomenon based on gain-loss frequency rather than final outcome. In terms of iIGT and simple versions of iIGT, results of this study demonstrate that high-frequency loss, rather than a satisfactory final outcome, dominates the preference of normal decision makers under uncertainty. Furthermore, normal subjects prefer “no immediate punishment” rather than “final reward” under uncertainty.

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Education level moderates learning on two versions of the Iowa Gambling Task

Cited by 41 publications

References 24 publications

Mecanismos cognitivos en la toma de decisiones arriesgadas en consumidores de cannabis

Mecanismos cognitivos en la toma de decisiones arriesgadas en consumidores de cannabis

Ansiedad y toma de decisiones en la Iowa Gambling Task

Mirrored Prominent Deck B Phenomenon: Frequent Small Losses Override Infrequent Large Gains in the Inverted Iowa Gambling Task

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