Education of the postprandial experience by a sensory‐cognitive intervention

Abstract

Education modifies the subjects' receptiveness and influences the responses to a meal, not only the hedonic postprandial experience, but also homeostatic sensations. Since homeostatic and hedonic responses are dissociable, education might be tailored to target different conditions.

Effects of meal palatability on postprandial sensations

“…Conceivably, the high‐calorie preload induced physiological (homeostatic) effects that influenced the postprandial response to the subsequent meal, but in view of the current results, (lower) palatability could also have had a direct influence on the postprandial experience (more satiety/fullness, less satisfaction). The postprandial experience is not only conditioned by homeostatic mechanisms (meal preload and appetite), but also by education: a sensory training experience plus a cognitive intervention has been recently shown to enhance both postprandial satisfaction and satiety/fullness sensation in response to a probe meal . Food ingestion is governed by homeostatic mechanisms; however, food consumption is to a large extent driven by pleasure .…”

“…Indeed, previous studies consistently showed that both sensations are distinctively perceived by the subjects under different experimental conditions. [1][2][3]22,23 To explain the lack of effect of palatability on satiety, it could be speculated either that palatability selectively influenced fullness, or that the faster eating rate of the unconventional meal blunted its potential effect on satiety.…”

Biogastronomy: Factors that determine the biological response to meal ingestion

“…However, in some cases, satiety increases during the early postprandial period, as if the satiation signal to stop ingestion were delayed, which may lead to excessive consumption followed by the fullness sensation. The intensity of digestive sensations can be measure by analogue scales…”

“…P values of main meal‐effect by two‐way repeated measures ANCOVA shown; dependent variable: postprandial scores; covariate: premeal scores. Reproduced from reference…”

Meal composition influences postprandial sensations independently of valence and gustation

“…These perception scales have shown to measure consistent and reproducible changes in sensations associated with meal ingestion, and some and these changes correlate with objective changes in circulating metabolites and brain activity . Furthermore, these scales have been shown to detect the effect on postprandial sensations of various conditioning factors such as the type of meal, meal palatability, appetite, and educational interventions …”