Educational attainment and mortality in schizophrenia

Tesli, Martin; Degerud, Eirik; Plana‐Ripoll, Oleguer; Gustavson, Kristin; Torvik, Fartein Ask; Ystrøm, Eivind; Ask, Helga; Tesli, Natalia; Høye, Anne; Stoltenberg, Camilla; Reichborn‐Kjennerud, Ted; Nesvåg, Ragnar; Næss, Øyvind

doi:10.1111/acps.13407

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…The main finding was that although individuals with SCZ have a reduced life expectancy and lower educational attainment than the general population, there was a weaker association between educational attainment and mortality in individuals with SCZ than the general population. Further, parents’ educational attainment was similar between people with SCZ and the general population [12 ▪ ], supporting the hypothesis of a social drift, which is in accordance with a Danish nationwide study [11]. However, these findings might have limited generalizability to other countries, in particular those with larger socioeconomic differences and warrant further exploration.…”

Section: Socioeconomic Factorssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…By contrast, excess mortality from physical diseases, including CVD and cancer, show increasing trends in SMDs compared with the general population [2,3,22]. Still, recent data from Denmark, Finland and Norway have revealed a mortality gap of approximately 10 years between SMDs and the general population [2,3,12 ▪ ,22], which is lower than the previously reported gap of 15–20 years [24]. However, other studies indicate persistent or widening mortality gap over time [25,26].…”

Section: Cardiovascular Disease Morbidity and Mortality In Severe Men...mentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Socioeconomic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…One British study found reduced life expectancy among individuals with SCZ, BIP and MDD irrespective of residence area in east London, thus suggesting that a diagnosis of SMD has a larger impact on life years lost than social inequality [39 ▪▪ ]. A recent study assessed the association of educational attainment on CVD and all-cause mortality in people with SCZ in the entire Norwegian population [12 ▪ ]. The main finding was that although individuals with SCZ have a reduced life expectancy and lower educational attainment than the general population, there was a weaker association between educational attainment and mortality in individuals with SCZ than the general population.…”

Section: Socioeconomic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Cardiovascular disease risk in people with severe mental disorders: an update and call for action

Rødevand

Tesli

Andreassen

2022

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

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Purpose of reviewCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of premature death in people with severe mental disorders (SMDs). This review provides an update on the level of CVD mortality and morbidity, as well as the socioeconomic, psychosocial and genetic factors associated with the comorbidity, and offer directions for improved interventions to reduce CVD in SMDs.Recent findingsThe level of CVD mortality and morbidity has sustained high in people with SMDs during the past decades, but the causal mechanism must be further elucidated. Psychosocial and socioeconomic challenges are frequent in SMDs as well as in CVD. Further, recent studies have revealed genetic variants jointly associated with SMDs, CVD risk and social factors. These findings highlight the need for more targeted interventions, prediction tools and psychosocial approaches to comorbid CVD in SMDs.SummaryThe level of CVD comorbidity remains high in SMDs, indicating that most people with SMDs have not benefitted from recent medical advances. A complex interplay between genetic and social vulnerability to CVD, which differs across subgroups of patients, seems to be involved. Further research is required to meet the urgent need for earlier, more efficient intervention approaches and preventive strategies for comorbid CVD in SMD.

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Section: Socioeconomic Factorssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Cardiovascular Disease Morbidity and Mortality In Severe Men...mentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Socioeconomic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Socioeconomic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cardiovascular disease risk in people with severe mental disorders: an update and call for action

Rødevand

Tesli

Andreassen

2022

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

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show abstract

“…In schizophrenia, the relation between chronological and brain-predicted age has been extensively investigated, with studies reporting higher BAG using structural ( Kaufmann et al, 2019 , Koutsouleris et al, 2014 , Nenadic et al, 2017 ), blood perfusion ( Rokicki et al, 2021 ) and diffusion weighted imaging ( Tonnesen et al, 2020 ) data. Increased brain-age in this patient group may indicate reduced residual lifespan and converges with recent reports from epidemiological studies showing that males with psychotic disorders lose at least 10 life-years compared with males in the general population, largely due to natural causes such as cardiovascular and other non-communicable diseases ( Plana-Ripoll et al, 2019 , Tesli et al, 2022 ). While a few explorative studies in schizophrenia patients with a history of violence applied machine learning based on clinical and sociodemographic predictors ( Kirchebner et al, 2020 , Sonnweber et al, 2021 ) and neuroimaging data ( Gou et al, 2021 ), there are no previous studies of brain-age prediction in this patient subgroup.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

The age of violence: Mapping brain age in psychosis and psychopathy

Tesli

Bell

Hjell

et al. 2022

NeuroImage: Clinical

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The Role of Socioeconomic Position in the Association Between Mental Disorders and Mortality

Chen,

Ejlskov,

Laustsen

et al. 2024

JAMA Psychiatry

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ImportanceStudies are lacking summarizing how the association between mental disorders and mortality varies by socioeconomic position (SEP), particularly considering different aspects of SEP, specific types of mental disorders, and causes of death.ObjectiveTo investigate the role of SEP in the association between mental disorders and mortality and the association between SEP and mortality among people with mental disorders.Data SourcesMEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were searched from January 1, 1980, through April 3, 2023, and a snowball search of reference and citation lists was conducted.Study SelectionInclusion criteria were observational studies estimating the associations between different types of mental disorders and mortality, stratified by SEP and between SEP and mortality in people with mental disorders.Data Extraction and SynthesisPairs of reviewers independently extracted data using a predefined data extraction form and assessed the risk of bias using the adapted Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Graphical analyses of the dose-response associations and random-effects meta-analyses were performed. Heterogeneity was explored through meta-regressions and sensitivity analyses.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAll-cause and cause-specific mortality.ResultsOf 28 274 articles screened, 71 including more than 4 million people with mental disorders met the inclusion criteria (most of which were conducted in high-income countries). The relative associations between mental disorders and mortality were similar across SEP levels. Among people with mental disorders, belonging to the highest rather than the lowest SEP group was associated with lower all-cause mortality (pooled relative risk [RR], 0.79; 95% CI, 0.73-0.86) and mortality from natural causes (RR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.62-0.85) and higher mortality from external causes (RR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.99-1.41). Heterogeneity was high (I2 = 83% to 99%). Results from subgroup, sensitivity, and meta-regression analyses were consistent with those from the main analyses. Evidence on absolute scales, specific diagnoses, and specific causes of death was scarce.Conclusion and RelevanceThis study did not find a sufficient body of evidence that SEP moderated the relative association between mental disorders and mortality, but the underlying mortality rates may differ by SEP group, despite having scarcely been reported. This information gap, together with our findings related to SEP and a possible differential risk between natural and external causes of death in individuals with specific types of mental disorders, warrants further research.

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Educational attainment and mortality in schizophrenia

Cited by 13 publications

References 50 publications

Cardiovascular disease risk in people with severe mental disorders: an update and call for action

Cardiovascular disease risk in people with severe mental disorders: an update and call for action

The age of violence: Mapping brain age in psychosis and psychopathy

The Role of Socioeconomic Position in the Association Between Mental Disorders and Mortality

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