Educational differences in trajectories of self-rated health before, during, and after entering or
                    leaving paid employment in the European workforce

Schuring, Merel; Robroek, Suzan J W; Lingsma, Hester F.; Burdorf, Alex

doi:10.5271/sjweh.3514

Cited by 43 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Preceding studies described similar effects of such transitions in employment status. That is, among persons who re-enter paid employment, extensive improvement is seen in self-rated health and QoL, while becoming unemployed is related to worsening physical and mental health [2,8,37].…”

Section: Interpretation Of the Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustained employability and health-related quality of life in cancer survivors up to four years after diagnosis

et al. 2017

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Background: Most cancer survivors are able to return to work at some point after diagnosis. However, literature on sustained employability and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is limited. Therefore, the aims of this study were to explore the influence of change in employment status on HRQoL in cancer survivors long term after diagnosis, and to identify predictors of work continuation in occupationally active survivors. Material and methods: We used prospective data (T0 ¼ two years after diagnosis, T1 ¼ one-year follow-up, and T2 ¼ two-year follow-up) from a cohort of cancer survivors that had an employment contract and were of working age at T0 (N ¼ 252, 69.8% female). Groups were formed on the basis of change in employment status: 'continuously not working' (19.8%), 'positive change in employment status' (5.6%), 'negative change in employment status' (14.7%), and 'continuously working' (59.9%). ANCOVA was used to explore the relationship between change in employment status and HRQoL at T1. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to identify predictors of work continuation (at T1 and T2) in survivors that were occupationally active at T0 (N ¼ 212). Results: 'Continuously working' survivors scored significantly better on the EORTC QLQ-C30 scales: role functioning, fatigue, pain, constipation, global health/QoL and the Summary score, than 'continuously not working' survivors, and better on physical, role and emotional functioning, fatigue, financial impact, global health/QoL and the Summary score than survivors with a 'negative change in employment status' (effect size range ¼ 0.49-0.74). In occupationally active survivors, a high score on current work ability was associated with work continuation one year later [odds ratio (OR) 1.46; 95% CI 1.11-1.92]. Conclusion: Cancer survivors 'continuously working' function better and have a better health and QoL than those who are not able to work. However, in occupationally active cancer survivors, one should monitor those with low self-perceived work ability, because they have an increased risk to discontinue their work.

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Section: Interpretation Of the Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustained employability and health-related quality of life in cancer survivors up to four years after diagnosis

et al. 2017

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“…A prospective study of the European working age population showed that entering paid employment was preceded by self-rated health improvements among intermediate and high-educated persons, whereas among low educated workers self-rated health improved in the year of entering paid employment and continued to improve in the year thereafter (7). Hence, there may be differences between socioeconomic groups in the relative importance of the selection and causation mechanism contributing to the health inequalities between employed and unemployed persons.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two different hypotheses explain the health inequalities between employed and unemployed persons. The causation hypothesis states that persons who lose paid employment will deteriorate in health, whereas unemployed persons who enter paid employment will improve in health (3,7). The selection hypothesis states that persons who leave paid employment already have a poorer health status before leaving employment compared to persons who remain employed, whereas persons who enter paid employment already have a better health status before entering employment compared to persons who remain unemployed (8)(9)(10)(11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The benefits of paid employment among persons with common mental health problems: evidence for the selection and causation mechanism

Schuring¹,

Robroek²,

Burdorf³

2017

Scand J Work Environ Health

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There is a need to develop alternative evaluation designs to evaluate the effect of entering paid employment on health in observational studies. A hybrid model, combining fixed effects and random effects, enables the disentanglement of the selection and causation processes in paid employment. This study shows that employment has a positive influence on mental-and physical health, especially among high educated persons.

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“…he question whether social inequalities with regard to different health outcomes decrease or increase with age is controversially discussed (Fisher et al 2014;Mein et al 2003;Rohwedder & Willis 2010;Schöllgen et al 2010;Schuring et al 2015;Wetzel et al 2015). Even when only one outcome is investigated, contrasting theoretical approaches and contradictive empirical results can be found in the literature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…It can be argued that pre-retirement work factors influence health, well-being, and cognition and determine how these outcomes are affected by retirement. Leaving a job with poor working conditions can increase overall health (Schuring et al 2015) and well-being (Wang 2007) while leaving a stimulating work environment can negatively affect well-being and cognition (Finkel et al 2009;Mazzonna & Peracchi 2012;Rohwedder & Willis 2010). Differential availability of important resources may lead to differential opportunities to adapt to retirement (Wang 2007), which may amplify persisting inequalities.…”

Section: (Own Illustration)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Retirement as a lens for socioeconomic differences in Cognition and well-being

König

Lindwall

Henning

et al. 2018

NJWLS

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Educational differences in trajectories of self-rated health before, during, and after entering or leaving paid employment in the European workforce

Cited by 43 publications

References 43 publications

Sustained employability and health-related quality of life in cancer survivors up to four years after diagnosis

Sustained employability and health-related quality of life in cancer survivors up to four years after diagnosis

The benefits of paid employment among persons with common mental health problems: evidence for the selection and causation mechanism

Retirement as a lens for socioeconomic differences in Cognition and well-being

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