Educational paper

Casteels, Ingele; Cassiman, Cathérine; Calster, Joachim Van; Allegaert, Karel

doi:10.1007/s00431-011-1610-7

Cited by 34 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…We converted the anthropometric measurements to Z–scores based on Flemish growth charts [ 19 ]. Retinopathy of prematurity was staged as described elsewhere [ 20 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between cognition and the retinal microvasculature in 11-year old children born preterm or at term

Wei

Raaijmakers

Zhang

et al. 2018

Early Human Development

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BackgroundRetinal microvessels can be visualized non-invasively and mirror the status of the cerebral microvasculature.AimsTo investigate whether in young children born prematurely or at term cognitive performance is related to retinal microvascular traits.Study design, subjectsIn 93 prematurely born infants (birth weight < 1000 g) and 87 controls born at term, we measured head circumference (HC) and determined intelligence quotient (IQ) by combining matrix reasoning and spatial span (Wechsler Non-Verbal test, Dutch version) and post-processed retinal photographs using Singapore I Vessel Assessment software (version 3.6).Outcome measures, resultsCompared with controls, cases had smaller HC (51.7 vs 53.4 cm; p < 0.001), lower IQ (93.9 vs 109.2; p < 0.001), smaller retinal arteriolar (CRAE; 162.7 vs 174.0 μm; p < 0.001) and venular (CRVE; 234.9 vs 242.8 μm; p = 0.003) diameters and CRAE/CRVE ratio (0.69 vs 0.72; p = 0.001). A 1-SD decrease in CRAE was associated with smaller HC (−0.53 cm; p < 0.001) and lower total IQ (−3.74; p < 0.001), matrix reasoning (−1.77; p = 0.004) and spatial span (−2.03; p = 0.002). These associations persisted after adjustment for sex and age and risk factors for cognitive impairment, including blood pressure, body mass index and parental educational attainment.ConclusionsHC, total IQ, matrix reasoning and spatial span decrease with smaller retinal arteriolar diameter. Our findings suggest that maldevelopment of the cerebral microcirculation, as mirrored by the retinal microvasculature, has lasting effects on the growth of the brain and cognitive performance of prematurely born children.

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“…We converted the anthropometric measurements to Z–scores based on Flemish growth charts [ 19 ]. Retinopathy of prematurity was staged as described elsewhere [ 20 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between cognition and the retinal microvasculature in 11-year old children born preterm or at term

Wei

Raaijmakers

Zhang

et al. 2018

Early Human Development

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“…As recently discussed in this journal, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a proliferative retinal vascular disease affecting the premature infant with an incompletely vascularized retina [7]. The spectrum of ophthalmological findings varies from minimal sequelae without visual impairment to bilateral retinal detachment and total blindness.…”

Section: Bevacizumab For Treatment Of Retinopathy Of Prematuritymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the past two decades, major advances have been made in understanding the pathogenesis of ROP. Based on well-designed, collaborative multicenter studies, primary and secondary prevention (oxygen, nutrition) strategies, surgical indications, and surgical techniques (threshold ROP, laser surgery) have been validated [7]. …”

Section: Bevacizumab For Treatment Of Retinopathy Of Prematuritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Educational paper: Do we need neonatal clinical pharmacologists?

2012

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Effective and safe drug administration in young infants should be based on integrated knowledge concerning the evolving physiological characteristics of the infant who will receive the drug and the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of a given drug. Consequently, clinical pharmacology in neonates is as dynamic and diverse as the neonates we are entitled to take care of. Even more than median estimates, covariates of variability within the population are of clinical relevance. We aim to illustrate the complexity and the need for neonatal clinical pharmacology based on the gap between current and likely best clinical practice for two commonly administered compounds (aminoglycosides for infection and ibuprofen for patent ductus arteriosus) and one new compound (bevacizumab, to treat threshold retinopathy of prematurity). Progression has been made to render pharmacokinetic studies child size, e.g., low volume samples, optimal study design, and population pharmacokinetics. Challenges to further improve clinical pharmacology in neonates include, when appropriate, the validation of off-patent drug dosing regimens and of infant-tailored formulations. Knowledge integration, i.e., the use of available data to improve current drug use and to predict pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics for similar compounds is needed. Development of clinical research networks is helpful to achieve these goals.

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“…Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), which is a disorder involving the abnormal development of the retinal vasculature, is an important morbidity in VLBW infants. The long-term outcomes of ROP include retinal detachment, cataract, glaucoma, and strabismus ( 1 2 3 ). The incidence rate of childhood blindness caused by ROP ranges from 3% to 10% ( 4 5 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinopathy of Prematurity among Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants in Korea: Incidence, Treatment, and Risk Factors

2015

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This study was conducted to describe the incidence, risk factors, and current treatment status of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants registered in the Korean Neonatal Network database. Medical records of 2,009 VLBW infants born between January 2013 and June 2014 who underwent examination by an ophthalmologist were reviewed. The total incidence of ROP was 34.1%. Of the patients, 11.6% showed ROP stage ≥ 3 and 11.5% received treatment of VLBW. Among all infants who received treatment of ROP, 63.6% underwent operation only; 16.9%, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment only; and 19.5%, both operation and anti-VEGF treatment. The mean gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW) were significantly lower and the prevalence rates of respiratory distress syndrome, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), invasive ventilator duration, and sepsis were significantly higher in the VLBW infants with ROP than in those without ROP. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, PDA (odd ratio [OR], 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-3.79) and invasive ventilator duration (OR, 1.0; 95% CI, 1.00-1.02) were significant risk factors of ROP and ROP stage ≥ 3. In conclusion, the high incidence of ROP is associated with low GA and BW, and attempt to reduce the aforementioned risk factors could reduce the incidence of ROP stage ≥ 3 in VLBW infants.

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Educational paper

Abstract: Retinopathy of prematurity is an important cause of ocular morbidity and blindness in children. With better understanding of the pathogenesis, screening and treatment guidelines have changed over time and are unit specific.

Cited by 34 publications

References 39 publications

Association between cognition and the retinal microvasculature in 11-year old children born preterm or at term

Association between cognition and the retinal microvasculature in 11-year old children born preterm or at term

Educational paper: Do we need neonatal clinical pharmacologists?

Retinopathy of Prematurity among Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants in Korea: Incidence, Treatment, and Risk Factors

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