Educational Potential of Preschool Children with ASD

Abstract

The article substantiates that in order to build an effective variant of an individual development route for a child with autism spectrum disorders, it is necessary to know the level of formation of his/her educational potential. The profile of the formation of the educational potential of preschool children with ASD, according to the authors, contains 11 indicators. The specifics of developing a route map for preschoolers with ASD are conducted taking into account the identified parameters of educational potential. The purpose of the article is to study the formation of the educational potential of preschoolers with ASD to develop a variant of an individual development route. The proposed methods are designed for preschoolers with autism spectrum disorders and adapted by a group of authors from the Federal Resource Center for the Organization of Comprehensive Support for Children with ASD. The minimum level of development of basic communication and speech skills was revealed; at a low level of development – parameters of the game, the cognitive sphere: difficulties in processing information, violation of the formation of the child’s worldview. Such parameters of educational potential as ‘social behavior’, ‘perception’, ‘artistic and aesthetic development’, ‘fine motor skills’, ‘self-service’ and ‘maladaptive behavior’ are almost at the same level of being unformed. The most developed (at the level of partial formation) is an indicator for the development of ‘large motor skills.’ The findings highlighted the importance of developing individual routes for the development of educational potential in preschoolers with ASD to optimize the process of adaptation to society, effective learning, and self-realization as a socialized subject of society. Taking into account the dominance of the parameters of the child’s potential in the development, it is necessary to select technologies for support and training.