Educators' Perspectives on Integrating Technology Into Sexual Health Education: Implementation Study

Abstract

Background In the last decade, the use of technology-based sexual health education has increased. Multiple studies have shown the feasibility of technology-based interventions, while a subset has also shown efficacy in improving youths’ sexual health outcomes such as increased condom use and knowledge. However, little is known about health educators’ experiences in integrating technology to augment sexual health curricula. Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the perceptions and experiences of health educators regarding the incorporation of technology into a sexual health education program designed for underserved youth in Fresno County, California, and to identify facilitators and challenges to incorporating technology into the in-person curriculum. Methods This implementation study used data collected as part of a cluster randomized controlled trial to evaluate In the Know (ITK), an in-person sexual health education curriculum that includes technology-based content, such as a resource locator, videos, and games, which can be accessed through a mobile app or website. Data from implementation logs from each cohort (n=51) and annual interviews (n=8) with health educators were analyzed to assess the health educators’ experiences using the technology and adaptations made during the implementation. Results The health educators reported that technological issues affected implementation to some degree: 87% of the time in the first year, which decreased to 47% in the third year as health educators’ familiarity with the app increased and functionality improved. Technology issues were also more common in non–school settings. Successes and challenges in 3 domains emerged: managing technology, usability of the ITK app, and youth engagement. The health educators generally had positive comments about the app and youth engagement with the technology-based content and activities; however, they also noted certain barriers to adolescents’ use of the mobile app including limited data storage and battery life on mobile phones. Conclusions Health educators require training and support to optimize technology as a resource for engaging with youth and providing sensitive information. Although technology is often presented as a solution to reach underserved populations, educational programs should consider the technological needs and limitations of the participants, educators, and settings. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/18060

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“…The study conducted by J Decker, et al, [52] demonstrates technology issues affecting SRH technology implementation processes, aiming to improve adolescent health, such as increasing condom usage and knowledge. Health educators are mostly also non-technology, nor SRH conform, to educated youth due to the lack of information provided.…”

“…School and health educators also play a significant role in the implementation and usage of such tools, as they provide positive feedback on their usage in communities. The study by Decker et al [ 46 ] demonstrated technology issues affecting the implementation of SRH technologies aimed at improving adolescent health, such as increasing condom usage and knowledge. Health educators are often not well-versed in technology or SRH education, leading to challenges in educating youth due to insufficient information provided.…”