EEG activity during the spatial span task in young men: Differences between short-term and working memory

Guevara, Miguel Ángel; Paniagua, Edwin Iván Cruz; González, Marisela Hernández; Carrillo, Ivett Karina Sandoval; Almanza-Sepúlveda, Mayra Linné; Hevia-Orozco, Jorge Carlos; Gutiérrez, Claudia Amezcua

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2018.02.004

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…In contrast, alpha‐band activity during WM tasks is considered responsible for the suppression of neural activities unrelated to task performance and thus attention control (Klimesch et al., 2007), which is in line with our findings along with those of other studies reporting on decreased alpha‐band connectivity during WM tasks (Dai et al., 2017; Hou et al., 2018). Higher frequency (beta‐ and gamma‐band) neural activity and connectivity were found to be related to cognitive performance, high executive demand, increased attentiveness, and maintenance of WM information (Guevara et al., 2018; Makeig & Jung, 1996; Roux & Uhlhaas, 2014). These previous findings suggest that neural activity at various frequency ranges plays roles in fundamentally distinct aspects of cognitive functioning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased connection density and modularity of functional brain networks during n‐back working memory paradigm

et al. 2020

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased connection density and modularity of functional brain networks during n‐back working memory paradigm

et al. 2020

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“…A central role has been proposed for alpha activity as an attentional suppression mechanism, including in WM (Klimesch, 2012; Roux and Uhlhaas, 2014). That is, alpha oscillation underlies the suppression of spurious brain activities and the inhibition of irrelevant information in cognitive tasks (Dai et al, 2017; Guevara et al, 2018). As the desynchronization of this band is considered to be associated with enhanced attention (Sauseng et al, 2005; Guevara et al, 2018), the results shown in Figure 3A suggest that, with normal aging, the left parietal region might participate more in attentional control in WM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The beta band has been shown to have a role in inter-neuronal communication of inhibitory networks and high executive demands (Guevara et al, 2018). Synchronization in the beta band has been correlated with sensory processing (Singer, 1993) and increased attentiveness (Makeig and Jung, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Synchronization of gamma oscillations is thought to be generically involved in the maintenance of WM information (Roux and Uhlhaas, 2014; Lundqvist et al, 2018). The greater synchronization of the fast bands, especially within the gamma range, could indicate a greater active maintenance of information that is necessary for the evocation of perceived stimuli (Guevara et al, 2018). This seems to be a plausible interpretation of our observation that enhanced synchronous activity in the gamma band was correlated with increased response accuracy in the 2-back task.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age-Related Alterations in Electroencephalography Connectivity and Network Topology During n-Back Working Memory Task

Hou

Cong

Zhang

et al. 2018

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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The study of the healthy brain in elders, especially age-associated alterations in cognition, is important to understand the deficits created by Alzheimer's disease (AD), which imposes a tremendous burden on individuals, families, and society. Although, the changes in synaptic connectivity and reorganization of brain networks that accompany aging are gradually becoming understood, little is known about how normal aging affects brain inter-regional synchronization and functional networks when items are held in working memory (WM). According to the classic Sternberg WM paradigm, we recorded multichannel electroencephalography (EEG) from healthy adults (young and senior) in three different conditions, i.e., the resting state, 0-back (control) task, and 2-back task. The phase lag index (PLI) between EEG channels was computed and then weighted and undirected network was constructed based on the PLI matrix. The effects of aging on network topology were examined using a brain connectivity toolbox. The results showed that age-related alteration was more prominent when the 2-back task was engaged, especially in the theta band. For the younger adults, the WM task evoked a significant increase in the clustering coefficient of the beta-band functional connectivity network, which was absent in the older adults. Furthermore, significant correlations were observed between the behavioral performance of WM and EEG metrics in the theta and gamma bands, suggesting the potential use of those measures as biomarkers for the evaluation of cognitive training, for instance. Taken together, our findings shed further light on the underlying mechanism of WM in physiological aging and suggest that different EEG frequencies appear to have distinct functional correlates in cognitive aging. Analysis of inter-regional synchronization and topological characteristics based on graph theory is thus an appropriate way to explore natural age-related changes in the human brain.

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“…Although there are several variations of span tasks, usually a sequence of stimuli is presented requesting the participant to reproduce the sequence in the same or in the inverse order. Additional orders may be given as a distractor (Guevara et al, 2018;Scharinger, Soutschek, Schubert, & Gerjets, 2017). Experimental paradigms, as the N-Back, are widely used to explore the physiological correlates that are elicited when the participant is instructed recognize the stimulus presented "N" trials back (Gevins & Cutillo, 1993).…”

Section: Measurement Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fostering advances to neuropsychological assessment based on the Research Domain Criteria: The bridge between cognitive functioning and physiology

Geraldo

Azeredo

Pasion

et al. 2018

The Clinical Neuropsychologist

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Objectives: The current review aimed to explore the advances in neuropsychological assessment in light of a recent research framework designed to improve our knowledge on mental health the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC). Methods: RDoC proposals on neuropsychological tests were reviewed across the RDoC cognitive systems domain. The focus is on the physiological unit of analysis and the potential applications are illustrated given the functional relevance of RDoC constructs to psychopathological and neurological conditions. Results: The advances in neuropsychology anchored in RDoC are not observable in terms of innovative paradigms, but rather in the neurobiological correlates that may be obtained from the classical neuropsychological tasks. The behavior unit of analysis may be integrated with physiological outcomes while mapping distinct cognitive constructs simultaneously. Conclusions: Under the aegis of RDoC, the integration of multiple levels of analysis allows to obtain a more detailed and complete neuropsychological characterization with high potential to be translated into better intervention strategies.

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EEG activity during the spatial span task in young men: Differences between short-term and working memory

Cited by 20 publications

References 64 publications

Decreased connection density and modularity of functional brain networks during n‐back working memory paradigm

Decreased connection density and modularity of functional brain networks during n‐back working memory paradigm

Age-Related Alterations in Electroencephalography Connectivity and Network Topology During n-Back Working Memory Task

Fostering advances to neuropsychological assessment based on the Research Domain Criteria: The bridge between cognitive functioning and physiology

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