EEG and clinical characteristics of neonatal parechovirus encephalitis

Sirsi, Deepa; Lowden, Andrea; Dolce, Alison; Machie, Michelle; Thomas, Jennifer J.; Joshi, Charuta

doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2023.107143

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Apart from a positive RT-PCR test on parechovirus in an oral swab, we did not find any infectious causes. Though parechovirus encephalitis has been described in neonates (Sirsi et al, 2023), there was no evidence in our patient as RT-PCR in the CSF was negative. Pleocytosis was the only hint toward an inflammatory process and may occur in FIRES patients.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

Case report: Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome in a 14-year-old girl with multiple organ failure and lethal outcome

Ruttkowski,

Wallot,

Korell

et al. 2024

Front. Neurosci.

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We report a case of an otherwise healthy 14-year-old girl with febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES), multiple organ failure (MOF), and ultimately a lethal outcome. This is a rare case of FIRES with MOF and consecutive death. Only a few cases have been described in the literature. The adolescent girl was initially admitted to our pediatric emergency department with a first episode of generalized tonic–clonic seizures after a short history of fever a week before admission. Seizures progressed rapidly into refractory status epilepticus without any evidence of the underlying cause, and treatment subsequently had to be escalated to thiopental anesthesia. Since the initial diagnostics showed no promising leads, the rare syndrome of FIRES was suspected, representing a catastrophic epileptic encephalopathy linked to a prior benign febrile infection. Methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulins, and a ketogenic diet were initiated. Respiratory, circulatory, kidney, and liver failure developed during treatment, requiring increasing intensive care. Multiple attempts to deescalate antiepileptic treatment resulted in recurrent status epilepticus. A cranial MRI on the 10th day of treatment revealed diffuse brain edema and no cerebral perfusion. The patient was declared dead on the 11th day of treatment. FIRES should be taken into account in previously healthy children with a new onset of difficult-to-treat seizures after a short febrile infection when no other cause is apparent. First-line treatment, besides seizure control, is the early initiation of immunomodulatory therapy and the start of a ketogenic diet. As treatment is difficult and MOF may develop, patients should be transferred to a specialized children’s hospital providing full intensive care.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

Case report: Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome in a 14-year-old girl with multiple organ failure and lethal outcome

Ruttkowski,

Wallot,

Korell

et al. 2024

Front. Neurosci.

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“…EEG can be used to diagnose encephalopathies, which are brain disorders that affect cognitive function. EEG can detect abnormalities in brain waves that are associated with encephalopathies such as hepatic encephalopathy and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (Sirsi et al, 2023).…”

Section: Abnormalities In Eeg As Migraine Markermentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormalities in EEG as migraine marker: a mini review

Ehteshamzad,

Shkreli

2023

JBS

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The electroencephalogram (EEG) records the spontaneous electrical activity of the brain and is useful in diagnosing various brain conditions. It is commonly used in diagnosing epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and multiple sclerosis. Recent research has also suggested that EEG can be used to detect migraine, although the findings in this area are still being investigated. The aim of this study is to review the use of EEG in detecting migraine in past and recent investigations. EEG has been used in migraine studies since the early 20th century, and subsequent studies have explored its use in understanding the pathophysiology of migraine and developing new treatments for the condition. Abnormal EEG patterns, including increased theta and delta activity and decreased alpha and beta activity, have been found in migraine patients during attacks. Studies have shown that EEG can be used to detect migraine and identify specific EEG biomarkers of the condition. Resting-state functional connectivity and altered connectivity in the anterior cingulate cortex have been linked to migraine chronification and may predict treatment outcomes in patients with chronic migraine. However, the specificity of EEG in diagnosing migraine is low, and more research is needed to determine its diagnostic utility.

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