EEG-Based Assessment of Stereoscopic 3D Visual Fatigue Caused by Vergence-Accommodation Conflict

Abstract

Recent advances in 3D displays have contributed to the pressing need of new measurement methods for display comfort. Developing a valid measurement of visual fatigue caused by 3D display remains a big challenge and is beneficial for optimizing the system design. This paper assessed three electroencephalography (EEG) activities, θ, α and β, during a monotonous and repetitive random dot stereogram (RDS) based task in a conventional stereoscopic 3D display. Six types of ratio indices were computed based on EEG data and assessed as possible indicators for stereoscopic visual fatigue detection. The results of critical flicker frequency (CFF) and accommodative amplitude (ACC) showed that the proposed experiment setup can induce visual fatigue. According to the subjective ratings, the visual fatigue accumulated in this task was mostly related to the binocular vision stress of 3D display. Results of EEG data showed stable θ activity, a significant increase of α activity, and a significant decrease of β activity over time (p<0.05). In addition, the effectiveness of EEG indices was evaluated to measure stereoscopic visual fatigue by using grey relation analysis (GRA) and verified by correlating with CFF. The results of analysis suggest that among all nine types of EEG indices (θ, α, β, θ/β, α/β, α/θ, θ/(α+β), (α+θ)/β, (α+θ)/(α+β)), α is the most promising indicator for detecting stereoscopic visual fatigue.Index Terms-3D display, visual fatigue, EEG, objective measurement, grey relation analysis. 1551-319X (c)

The correlation between visual fatigue and duration of viewing as assessed by brain monitoring

“…Bochao et al . assessed three EEG activities, α, θ, and β, during a monotonous and repetitive random dot stereogram (RDS) based task in a conventional stereoscopic 3D display . Their result showed stable θ activity, a significant increase of α activity, and a significant decrease of β activity over time.…”

Excessive Crossed Disparity Detection by Visual Evoked Potentials to Reduce Visual Discomfort in 3D Viewing

“…A cost-effective experimental system based on VEP while 3D images viewing was developed in present study for the assessment and classification of disparity-related visual discomfort. In the research of visual discomfort assessment, many researchers discriminated comfortable conditions from uncomfortable ones during stereoscopic vision by the analysis of EEG signals [24–26]. Frey et al proved the feasibility of EEG for estimating visual comfort as the viewers watched stereoscopic displays.…”

The assessment of the visual discomfort caused by vergence‐accommodation conflicts based on EEG

“…However, the side effects of stereoscopic displays restrict its applications. One of the typical side effects is discomfort symptoms, including visual fatigue, headache, nausea, and poor concentration . Fortunately, several factors have been determined to be associated with visual discomfort, such as vergence‐accommodation conflicts, excessive disparity, crosstalk, and viewing distance .…”

“…Another deficiency is the extraction of EEG features. Among many studies, EEG features were investigated on all electrodes or the electrodes selected by prior experience, resulting in information redundancy and overlooking some critical electrodes.…”