EEG Derived Neuronal Dynamics during Meditation: Progress and Challenges

Kaur, Chamandeep; Singh, Preeti

doi:10.1155/2015/614723

Cited by 61 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…There has been a great deal of research works focusing on detecting the attention and relaxation (meditation) states of mind from the characteristics of EEG ( Aftanas & Golocheikine, 2001 ; Jacobs & Friedman, 2004 ; Lin & John, 2006 ; Hamadicharef et al, 2009 ; Rebolledo-Mendez et al, 2009 ; Jiang et al, 2011 ; Li et al, 2011 ; Liu, Chiang & Chu, 2013 ; Patsis et al, 2013 ; Vyšata et al, 2014 ; Kaur & Singh, 2015 ). The detection of the attention and meditation is important in many fields, including clinical studies of stress reduction, sleep deprivation, fatigue, educational studies of learner attention and game studies of player concentration and engagement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various types of psychosomatic techniques such as meditation are known to induce a relaxed state ( Aftanas & Golocheikine, 2001 ). But neuroelectrophysiology of the meditation-induced mental states is still an open question ( Kaur & Singh, 2015 ). Vyšata et al (2014) verified the existence of statistically significant differences between certain features of EEG data (such as reduction in permutation entropy) before meditation and during meditation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consumer grade EEG devices: are they usable for control tasks?

Maskeliūnas

Damaševičius

Martišius

et al. 2016

PeerJ

168

105

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We present the evaluation of two well-known, low-cost consumer-grade EEG devices: the Emotiv EPOC and the Neurosky MindWave. Problems with using the consumer-grade EEG devices (BCI illiteracy, poor technical characteristics, and adverse EEG artefacts) are discussed. The experimental evaluation of the devices, performed with 10 subjects asked to perform concentration/relaxation and blinking recognition tasks, is given. The results of statistical analysis show that both devices exhibit high variability and non-normality of attention and meditation data, which makes each of them difficult to use as an input to control tasks. BCI illiteracy may be a significant problem, as well as setting up of the proper environment of the experiment. The results of blinking recognition show that using the Neurosky device means recognition accuracy is less than 50%, while the Emotiv device has achieved a recognition accuracy of more than 75%; for tasks that require concentration and relaxation of subjects, the Emotiv EPOC device has performed better (as measured by the recognition accuracy) by ∼9%. Therefore, the Emotiv EPOC device may be more suitable for control tasks using the attention/meditation level or eye blinking than the Neurosky MindWave device.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumer grade EEG devices: are they usable for control tasks?

Maskeliūnas

Damaševičius

Martišius

et al. 2016

PeerJ

168

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Various signal processing techniques, namely fast Fourier transforms, wavelet transforms, independent component analysis, principle component analysis, coherence analysis (Kaur & Singh, 2015) can be added to investigate the information in EEG during loud Om mantra meditation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey on Om meditation: Its effects on the human body and Om meditation as a tool for stress management

Harne¹,

Tahseen²,

Hiwale³

et al. 2019

Psychol. Thought

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Meditation and yoga both have positive effects on physical, as well as mental health. Om mantra chanting, a simple and easy to practice, also comes under the aspect of meditation. The “Om” mantra is also considered as the very name of the absolute. Om meditation not only affects the various parts of the brain, such as pre-frontal cortex, vagus nerve, amygdala and others but also affects the heart rate and respiratory rate. Considering the healing effects of Om meditation, through this paper, we are trying to explore all the relevant work done in the field of Om meditation. The survey includes a large number of papers covering the research previously conducted by many researchers, their results and different techniques adopted to study the effect of Om meditation on human beings. Studies on Om meditation are categorized under four different heads: Neuroimaging studies, EEG studies, evoked potentials studies and other methods studies. Even though the existing research evidenced capability of Om meditation in curing anxiety and depression, more rigorous studies with better design, with larger sample size and with different control groups are required. Especially the need to explore untouched research areas of Loud Om meditation using EEG is suggested in the paper. Furthermore, future research directions are also suggested.

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“…During wakefulness, delta power is thought to reflect relatively long-distance communication between cortical regions [18]. High delta power and coherence have been reported during meditation and in other physiological states associated with lower levels of consciousness [19]. Evidence is emerging that delta coherence also reflects communication between areas of the ventral tegmental area, the brain's main reward pathway [3].…”

Section: Behavioural Neurologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Alpha and Beta Interhemispheric EEG Coherences with Indices of Attentional Control and Academic Performance

Gorantla

Tedesco

Chandanathil

et al. 2020

Behavioural Neurology

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Introduction. Heretofore, research on optimizing academic performance has suffered from an inability to translate what is known about an individual’s learning behaviors to how effectively they are able to use the critical nodes and hubs in their cerebral cortex for learning. A previous study from our laboratory suggests that lower theta-beta ratios (TBRs) measured by EEG may be associated with higher academic performance in a medical school curriculum. Methods. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that TBR and academic performance may be correlated with EEG coherence, a measure of brain connectivity. We analyzed the interhemispheric coherences of the subjects involved in our prior study. TBR and coherence measurements were made at 19 scalp electrode recording sites and 171 electrode combinations with eyes open and closed (EO, EC). Control data were acquired during a session of acclimation to the research protocol 3 d before an initial examination in anatomy-physiology (control exam) and were repeated five weeks later, 3 d before a second exam covering different anatomy-physiology topics (comparison exam). Results. Between the control and comparison exams, beta coherences increased significantly at the frontal pole, frontal, parietal, midtemporal, posterior temporal, and occipital recording sites under the EO condition and at the inferior frontal, central, midtemporal, and posterior temporal sites under the EC condition. Alpha coherences increased significantly at the same sites and under the same EO/EC conditions as found for the beta coherences. The beta coherences were negatively correlated with the TBR and were positively correlated with the comparison exam score at the midfrontal electrode site (F3-F4) but only under the EO condition. Beta and alpha coherences at the midfrontal, inferior frontal midtemporal, posterior temporal, and occipital sites were also negatively correlated with the average TBR under the EO condition. Conclusions. Lower TBR, an indicator of attentional control, was associated with higher alpha and beta interhemispheric coherences measured with eyes open at sites overlying the frontal, temporal, and occipital cortices. Changes in EEG coherences and TBRs might be useful as neurophysiological measures of neuroplasticity and the efficacy of strategies for preventing academic underachievement and treatments for improving academic performance.

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EEG Derived Neuronal Dynamics during Meditation: Progress and Challenges

Cited by 61 publications

References 72 publications

Consumer grade EEG devices: are they usable for control tasks?

Consumer grade EEG devices: are they usable for control tasks?

Survey on Om meditation: Its effects on the human body and Om meditation as a tool for stress management

Associations of Alpha and Beta Interhemispheric EEG Coherences with Indices of Attentional Control and Academic Performance

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