Eemergence of Promising Therapies in Diabetes Mellitus

Akkati, Sindhu; Sam, Kishore Gnana; Tungha, Girish

doi:10.1177/0091270010376972

Cited by 52 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to altered insulin secretion from β-cells of pancreas and/or altered hepatic and peripheral tissues’ insulin sensitivity [1]. The prolonged chronic hyperglycemia leads to development of dyslipidemia followed by micro and macro vascular complications [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Diabetic Potential of the Leaves of Anisomeles malabarica in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Kotha

Badri

Nagalapuram

et al. 2017

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: Diabetes mellitus is a pandemic metabolic disorder that is affecting a majority of populations in recent years. There is a requirement for new drugs that are safer and cheaper due to the side effects associated with the available medications. Methods: We investigated the anti-diabetic activity of leaves of Anisomeles malabarica following bioactivity guided fractionation. The different solvent (hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water) extracts of A. malabarica leaves were used in acute treatment studies to evaluate and identify the active fraction. The ethyl acetate extract was subjected to further fractionation using silica gel column chromatography and the compounds were identified by LC-SRM/MS and GC-MS. Additional chronic treatment studies were carried out using this active fraction (AMAF) for 30 days in experimental diabetic rats. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), plasma insulin levels and glucose tolerance were measured along with insulin resistance/sensitivity indicators (HOMA-IR, HOMA-β and QUICKI) to assess the beneficial effects of A. malabarica in the management of diabetes mellitus. Results: Among the different solvent extracts tested, ethyl acetate extract showed maximum (66%) anti-hyperglycemic activity. The hexane and ethyl acetate (1: 1) fraction that has maximum anti-diabetic activity was identified as active fraction of A. malabarica (AMAF). The FBG, HbA1c, plasma insulin levels and insulin sensitivity/resistance indicators such as glucose tolerance, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β and QUICKI were significantly improved to near normal in diabetic rats treated with AMAF. Further, we identified key flavonoids and fatty acids as the anti-diabetic active principles from the AMAF of A. malabarica leaves. Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that Anisomeles malabarica has potential anti-diabetic activity in STZ induced diabetic rats.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Diabetic Potential of the Leaves of Anisomeles malabarica in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Kotha

Badri

Nagalapuram

et al. 2017

Cell Physiol Biochem

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show abstract

“…It is caused by an impaired pancreas that does not produce enough insulin or by tissues' resistance to insulin. 1) People with diabetes have increased susceptibility for other metabolic problems, such as obesity, heart diseases, nephropathy, and retinopathy. To maintain normal blood glucose concentrations, diabetic patients generally take medicines or insulin.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Germinated Waxy Black Rice Ameliorates Hyperglycemia and Dyslipidemia in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Kang

Lim

Lee

et al. 2017

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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This study aimed to examine the anti-diabetic effect of germinated waxy black rice (GWBR) using streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. In the diabetic rats, GWBR supplementation for 8 weeks reduced plasma blood glucose concentrations, improved glucose clearance and prevented diabetes-induced weight loss. Rats with STZ-induced diabetes who received GWBR supplementation exhibited decreased expression of sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 (SGLT1) and glucose transporter (GLUT) 2 genes and proteins in the small intestine via decreases in hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-1α, HNF-1β, and HNF-4α, transcriptional factors that are involved in the regulation of SGLT1 and GLUT2, compared with the rats with STZ-induced diabetes that did not receive GWBR supplements. GWBR supplementation also enhanced the expression of GLUT4 and the genes and proteins involved in GLUT4 translocation, such as insulin receptor (IR) and insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), and increased the phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (PKB, Akt) proteins in skeletal muscle. GWBR further increased glycogen synthase (GS) 1 by decreasing glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β in skeletal muscle. Interestingly, GWBR recovered STZ-impaired pancreatic β-cells, resulting in increased insulin synthesis and secretion. In addition, GWBR reduced serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, aspartate transferase and alanine transferase concentrations and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. Taken together, these findings suggest that GWBR could be a candidate for improving the diabetic condition by regulating glucose uptake in the intestine and muscle and regulating the secretion of insulin from the pancreas.

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“…The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM), a complex metabolic disorder associated with defective insulin secretion and activity, has been increasing worldwide over the past 20 years (1,2). According to the World Health Organization estimation, ~7% of the world's adult population is diabetic and the diabetic population is likely to increase to ≥300 million by the year 2025 (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Icariin prevents cytokine‑induced β‑cell death by inhibiting NF‑κB signaling

Zhong

2018

Exp Ther Med

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Abstract. The loss of insulin secretion in type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is caused by autoimmune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. Inflammatory cytokines and immune cell infiltration activate oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, resulting in reduced β-cell viability. The current pharmacological agents used to control blood glucose have a limited effective duration and are accompanied by strong side effects. Blocking the inflammatory and immune responses that cause the β-cell damage has been investigated as a novel therapeutic approach to control T1DM. Icariin is a flavonoid component of Chinese medicinal herbs that has anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. The results of the present study revealed that icariin abrogates the pro-apoptotic effect of inflammatory cytokines and significantly suppresses the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB in rat pancreatic β-cell lines. The present study may provide a basis for the potential use of icariin as a therapeutic agent for T1DM.

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Eemergence of Promising Therapies in Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 52 publications

References 33 publications

Anti-Diabetic Potential of the Leaves of Anisomeles malabarica in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Anti-Diabetic Potential of the Leaves of Anisomeles malabarica in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Germinated Waxy Black Rice Ameliorates Hyperglycemia and Dyslipidemia in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Icariin prevents cytokine‑induced β‑cell death by inhibiting NF‑κB signaling

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