“…Studies have confirmed that, preoperative anxiety increase the experience of postoperative pain (Matthias & Samarasekera, 2012), disturb the functions of the immune system (Bailey, 2010;Khorshidi, Lavaee, Ghapanchi, Golkari, & Kholousi, 2017), cause delays in surgical wound healing and causes variabilities in patients' vital signs (Ali et al, 2014;Bailey, 2010;Gouin & Kiecolt-Glaser, 2011). The overall effects of these could lead to the postponement of the surgery (De Oliveira et al, 2014), post-surgical complications (Rosiek, Kornatowski, Rosiek-Kryszewska, Leksowski, & Leksowski, 2016), prolonged hospital stays (G. Chakir, 2017;Miguel & Sagardoy, 2013), and consumption of higher doses of analgesics postoperatively (Gorkem, Togrul, Sahiner, Yazla, & Gungor, 2016;Walker & Smith, 2009). Therefore, assessment of preoperative anxiety could provide clinicians with detailed information necessary for perioperative care and targeted intervention.…”