Efectos locales inducidos por el veneno de la serpiente coral Micrurus nigrocinctus en ratón blanco

Gutiérrez, José Marı́a; Cháves, Fernando; Rojas, Ermila; Bolaños, Ronald Eduardo Díaz

doi:10.1016/0041-0101(80)90091-4

Cited by 35 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…On the other hand, biochemical studies relating to Micrurus venoms are limited, due to the complexity of accurately identifying the species, the difficulties in maintaining them in captivity, and the difficulty in obtaining a desirable amount of venom; in addition, venom varies between intra and interspecies in composition, associated with their age, gender, geographic distribution, and diet 4,10 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CORAL SNAKE ANTIVENOM PRODUCED IN CHICKENS (Gallus domesticus)

Aguilar

Sánchez

Girón

et al. 2014

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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The production of anti-snake venom from large mammal's blood has been found to be low-yielding and arduous, consequently, antivenom immunoglobulins for treatment are achieved regularly as polyvalent serum. We have standardized an undemanding technique for making purified immunoglobulin IgY antivenom consisting of polyclonal antibodies against coral snake venom in the egg yolk of immunized hens. We have adapted a reported process of antibody purification from egg yolks, and achieved 90% antibody purity. The customized technique consisted of the removal of lipids from distilled water-diluted egg yolks by a freeze–thaw sequence. The specific immunoglobulins were present in the egg yolk for up to 180 days postimmunization. Therefore, by means of small venom quantities, a significant amount of immunoglobulins were found in an adequately purified state (The obtained material contained about 90% pure IgY). The antigen binding of the immunoglobulins was detected by a double immunodiffusion test. Titers of antibodies in the yolk were estimated with a serum protection assay (Median effective dose = ED50) (ED50= 477 mg/kg). Given that breeding hens is economically feasible, egg gathering is noninvasive and the purification of IgY antibodies is quick and easy, chicken immunization is an excellent alternative for the production of polyclonal antibodies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first coral snake antivenom prepared in birds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CORAL SNAKE ANTIVENOM PRODUCED IN CHICKENS (Gallus domesticus)

Aguilar

Sánchez

Girón

et al. 2014

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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“…(coral snake) venoms are essentially neurotoxic, although experimentally in mice and also in patients, they are myotoxic, slightly hemorrhagic, and edema inducing, with high PLA 2 activity expressed as indirect hemolysis (Otero et al 1992b;Otero 2007;Da Silva and Bucaretchi 2003;Gutiérrez et al 1980a;Kitchens and Van Mierop 1987;Pettigrew and Glass 1985). Recently, there were two cases of bites by Micrurus spp.…”

Section: Neurotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…venoms are of low ability to induce edema, hemorrhage, and proteolysis, but they are indirectly hemolytic and some of them are myotoxic (Otero et al 1992b;Gutiérrez et al 1980a;Rey-Suárez et al 2012). The latter effect was then documented in human bites inflicted by M. fulvius in the USA and M. laticollaris from Mexico (Kitchens and Van Mierop 1987;Pettigrew and Glass 1985) and by coral snakes from the Amazonian region in Colombia (Otero- Patiño 2007Patiño , 2011Otero 2007), as it was also described for M. lemniscatus in Peru (Manock et al 2008).…”

Section: Micrurus (Coral Snake) Bitesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Snakebites in Colombia

Otero-Patiño

2014

Toxinology

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Nearly 4,000 snakebites are annually reported in Colombia -90-95 % are inflicted by pit vipers from Bothrops, Porthidium, Bothriechis, Bothriopsis, and Bothrocophias genera, specially by B. asper (50-80 %); 2 % by the bushmaster Lachesis spp.; 1 % by the rattle snake Crotalus durissus cumanensis; 1 % by coral snakes (Micrurus spp.); and the remaining 1-5 % by snakes of aglyphous and opisthoglyphous dentition, mainly from Colubridae family. The Colombian fatality rate of snakebite envenoming is 1-3 %, the highest percentage in the Orinochian and Amazonian regions, whereas 6 % of patients suffer some type of sequelae, mainly as a result of dermonecrosis and myonecrosis. B. asper is responsible for 60-90 % of deaths secondary to snakebites. In this chapter, the clinical and epidemiological aspects of bothropic, lachesic, crotalic, and elapidic envenomations are described, with specific features for the country, as well as the actual knowledge of venom composition and actions.

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“…The myotoxic activity was performed using the serum creatine kinase (CK) level as a quantitative marker of myotoxicity as previously described by Guti errez et al (1980). The rats received an intramuscular (i.m.)…”

Section: Myotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%