Efeito Da Construção Da Rodovia Pa-458 Sobre as Florestas De Mangue Da Península Bragantina, Bragança, Pará, Brasil

Abstract

The PA-458 highway construction caused severe impact on mangrove Forest in the Ajuruteua peninsula, Bragança-PA, mainly at the Km 17. In order to better understand the effect of the highway construction on mangrove forest, it was undertaken a phytographic profile and a study on the structure of mangrove stands under three different levels of environmental destruction: Degraded Area (DA), Semi-Degraded Area (SDA), and Non-Degraded Area (NDA). Considering the three levels of destruction, mangrove stands comprise trees from 3 to 9 m of height, describing a gradient from the most impacted area till the non-impacted one, whereas values of mean DBH of these trees range from 4.2 to 10 cm. The trees dominance and density showed significant differences between the three different levels of impact (ANOVA, F=13.30; df=15; p

Survival and Growth of Mangrove Tree Seedlings in Different Types of Substrate on the Ajuruteua Peninsula on the Amazon Coast of Brazil

“…It is important to note that the construction in the 1970s of the PA-458 state highway, which connects Bragança to the village of Ajuruteua, bisected 26 km of the local mangrove forest [10], and impacted an area of 3.8 km 2 of this ecosystem [19]. These authors concluded that he primary source of this impact was the obstruction of the tidal creeks on the east of the peninsula, that drain into the Caeté River.…”

“…In Brazil, the exploitation of these systems has involved even more drastic impacts, such as the installation of shrimp farms at many locations in the northeast of the country [8], deforestation and lumbering in the southeast [9], and the construction of highways in the extreme north [10].…”

“…The region's growing human population has been the primary factor determining the ongoing degradation of the mangrove forests of the Brazilian Amazon region [10]. Given this, the present study investigated the viability of the production of seedlings of the three principal local mangrove species-Rhizophora mangle L., Avicennia germinans (L.) L., and Laguncularia racemosa (L.) C.F.…”

No meio do caminho havia um mangue: impactos socioambientais da estrada Bragança-Ajuruteua, Pará

“…Por outro lado, a história da construção da rodovia PA-458 evidencia o lugar da natureza nos projetos de desenvolvimento desse período. Estudos sobre os impactos socioambientais do aterramento de 26km de manguezais só começaram a ser feitos a partir da década de 1990 (Maneschy, 1993a) e com maior intensidade nos anos 2000 (Carvalho, 2000;Fernandes et al, 2007;Nascimento, 2008). Com a inauguração da estrada, o fluxo de turistas na praia de Ajuruteua aumentou, mas, sendo feito de modo desordenado e sem políticas de inclusão da comunidade local, o turismo levou consigo o problema do lixo, a especulação imobiliária, o encarecimento dos produtos no comércio e o crescimento demográfico igualmente desordenado.…”

“…O problema é que, no meio do caminho, havia um mangue. O município de Bragança está inserido na região que detém uma das maiores reservas de manguezais do mundo (Fernandes, 2003) nas latitudes próximas à linha do Equador, litoral amazônico, entre a foz do rio Oiapoque (no Amapá) e a baía de São Marcos (no Maranhão), área conhecida como "costa norte".…”