Efeitos da nutrição materna na gestação sobre a qualidade da progênie - uma revisão

Abstract

O objetivo do estudo foi, por meio de uma revisão de literatura, avaliar os efeitos da nutrição de vacas de corte durante a gestação sobre a qualidade e o desempenho da progênie após o nascimento. Nos últimos anos, inúmeras pesquisas foram desenvolvidas para avaliar os efeitos da nutrição materna durante a gestação (programação fetal) sobre a produtividade da progênie. Diante dos resultados apresentados, está claramente elucidado que as condições nutricionais do útero grávido alteram de várias maneiras a saúde, a fisiologia, o metabolismo e, consequentemente, o desempenho pós-parto da progênie. Estas alterações podem variar de acordo com o grau e intensidade do desafio nutricional, momento deste desafio no decorrer da gestação e capacidade adaptativa das vacas gestantes em particionar os nutrientes ao feto. A literatura sugere que os efeitos da programação fetal são mais facilmente constatados nos meses iniciais de vida dos descendentes, desaparecendo com o avançar da idade, porém, a restrição nutricional da vaca durante a gestação também pode levar à formação de um indivíduo com maior capacidade de adaptação e mais preparado para sobreviver em ambientes mais desafiadores na vida pós-natal. Além disso, a formação de um fenótipo “econômico” poderá resultar em um desempenho compensatório durante a vida adulta dos bezerros de vacas que passaram por desafios nutricionais durante a gestação.

Efecto del peso y la puntuación de la condición corporal de vacas gestantes en las características de la canal de su progenie: Meta análisis

“…A large number of studies were excluded from this research for not meeting the inclusion criteria. In addition, this is justified by the wide variation between studies, especially concerning the intensity of food restriction and distance between treatments, period of food restriction, as well as the great diversity of variables evaluated, as reported by Klein et al (6) in a literature review on the subject.…”

“…However, the nutritional challenge during fetal formation can form a phenotype with greater adaptability when nutritional conditions were more challenging in the postnatal period (5) . Thus, the effects of fetal programming are more noticeable in the first months from progeny's life (6) . The authors state that the real effects of fetal programming in beef cattle are still contradictory and need further clarification, since there are many divergences between researches, such variability of the studied nutrients, gestational period and intensity of nutritional restriction, as well the progeny characteristics evaluated.…”

Beef cow weight variations during gestation and offspring performance: a meta-analysis

“…In the case of rted the standard error of mean (SEM), the standard deviation (σ) was obtained through the √ e number of studies were excluded from this research for not meeting the inclusion criteria. is justified by the wide variation between studies, especially concerning the intensity of food distance between treatments, period of food restriction, as well as the great diversity of ted, as reported by Klein et al (2021) in a literature review on the subject. nd group formation rowth traits of progeny from birth to rearing period were selected as response variables, and female calves.…”

“…In general, the recent literature has pointed out several maternal nutrition gestation effects on progeny quality and performance. In a literature review on fetal programming in beef cattle, Klein, Machado, Adams, Alves and Brondani (2021) state that the divergences in the effects of fetal programming on the quality of the progeny are consequences of the variability of the studied nutrients, gestational period and intensity of nutritional Semina: Ciênc. Agrár.…”

“…A large number of studies were excluded from this research for not meeting the inclus In addition, this is justified by the wide variation between studies, especially concerning the inten restriction and distance between treatments, period of food restriction, as well as the great variables evaluated, as reported by Klein et al (2021) in a literature review on the subject.…”