Efeitos dos agrotóxicos na saúde do agricultor familiar dos municípios de Capitólio e Pimenta - Minas Gerais: avaliação de biomarcadores colinesterase eritrocitárias e plasmática

Abstract

Brazil is the largest global consumer of pesticides, resulting in the intoxication of a large number of workers, with high expenditures on health and environmental damage. General objective: to evaluate the effects of the use of pesticides on the health of rural workers working in family farming in terms of intoxication through the evaluation of the erythrocyte and plasma cholinesterase biomarkers. Method: crosssectional, analytical and comparative study between Group (1) of rural workers working in family farming, directly exposed to pesticides and Group (2) of users of Family Health Programs (PSF), in the municipalities of Capitólio and Pimenta -Minas Gerais State (Brazil) -not directly exposed to pesticides, being a control group through the analysis of biomarkers. Results: in this study of 140 participants, the most of them did not report health problems and drug treatment, 6.3% of participants, exposed to pesticides, reported poisoning and 42.5% reported having any signs and/or symptoms of intoxication with predominance for headache. The erythrocyte cholinesterase biomarker showed normality in 63.8% rural workers and 36.2% with alteration in butyrylcholinesterase. Conclusion: butyrylcholinesterase alteration was proven in 36.2% of participants exposed to pesticides and these results correlate with the presence of headache and irritability/nervousness symptoms. There is, therefore, a need for education and training of farmers to limit levels of exposure and harmful health effects to prevent, diagnose and treat possible dysfunctions caused by these chemicals applied to agriculture.

O Impacto Do Uso De Agrotóxico Na Agricultura E Os Problemas De Saúde Pública: Uma Revisão

“…Existe, portanto, a necessidade da educação e capacitação dos agricultores no uso de agrotóxicos para limitar os níveis de exposição e efeitos nocivos à saúde para prevenir, diagnosticar e tratar possíveis disfunções causadas por esses produtos químicos (Bernardes, 2021).…”

“…Para prevenir riscos, promover a saúde, o bem-estar e a sustentabilidade na agricultura familiar, é primordial o acesso à educação de qualidade nas áreas rurais, a assistência técnica e o treinamento ocupacional dos agricultores brasileiros, transformando conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas acerca dos impactos dos agrotóxicos na saúde e no ambiente. Para isso, deve-se fortalecer as ações de vigilância, promoção e assistência em saúde, bem como as políticas e os programas específicos para essas populações (Buralli et al, 2021).…”