Efeitos teratogênicos de Prosopis juliflora em ratos e análise da toxicidade das vagens

Abstract

RESUMO.-Objetivou-se com este estudo determinar os possíveis efeitos teratogênicos de Prosopis juliflora, verificar se existe perda da toxicidade entre vagens armazenadas e recém-coletadas e determinar se existe diferença de toxicidade entre as vagens coletadas em diferentes localidades. Trinta ratas prenhes da linhagem Wistar foram separadas, aleatoriamente, em cinco grupos: um controle (G1) e quatro experimentais (G2, G3, G4 e G5). Os animais dos grupos G2 e G3 foram alimentados com ração contendo 70% de vagens de P. juliflora recém-coletadas em dois municípios diferentes. Os grupos G4 e G5 foram alimentados com ração preparada com vagens das mesmas procedências, porém armazenadas por um período de 6 meses. O grupo controle recebeu ração sem vagens de P. juliflora. No grupo controle o número de malformações por ninhada (1,16 ± 0,98) foi significativamente menor do que os dos grupos experimentais (14,00 ± 2,96, 6,16 ± 2,22, 7,66 ± 2,94 e 4,66 ± 1,63 para os grupos G2, G3, G4 e G5, respectivamente) indicando que a planta é teratogênica. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas na frequência de malformações e no número de fetos nascidos entre os grupos que receberam vagens de diferentes localidades. No entanto, o número de malformações nos grupos que receberam as vagens recém-colhidas (65,80 ± 21,20 a, 67,59 ± 18,10 a), foi significativamente maior que o observado nas ratas que receberam as vagens após o armazenamento (35,74±10,10b, 21,85±5,13c) The objective of this study was to determine the possible teratogenic effects of Prosopis juliflora, check if there is a loss in toxicity between pods stored and newly collected and determine whether there are differences in toxicity between the pods collected in different localities. Thirty pregnant female Wistar rats were randomly separated into five groups: a control (G1) and four experimental (G2, G3, G4 and G5), each with six animals. The animals in groups G2 and G3 were fed diets containing 70% of pods of P. juliflora newly collected in two different municipalities. The groups G4 and G5 were fed beans prepared with the same origins, but stored for a period of 6 months. The control group received the same diet without pods of P. juliflora. In the control group the number of defects per litter (1.16 ± 0.98) was significantly lower than the experimental groups (14.00 ± 2.96, 6.16 ± 2.22, 7.66 ± 2.94 and 4.66 ± 1.63 for G2, G3, G4 and G5, respectively) indicating that the plant is teratogenic. No significant differences were observed in the frequency of malformations and number of fetuses born between groups receiving pods from different locations. However, the number of defects in the groups who received the freshly harvested pods was significantly different from the number observed in rats that received the beans after storage, suggesting that the teratogenic effect of the plant decreases during storage. We conclude that the pods of P. juliflora are teratogenic for Wistar rats and that the teratogenicity decreases with storage.

O uso de medicamentos fitoterápicos e plantas medicinais por gestantes

“…Os flavonoides devem ser evitados principalmente no último trimestre da gestação, pois podem acarretar prejuízos ao funcionamento cardíaco do bebê, uma vez que possui ação anti-inflamatória [28] . Já os alcaloides possuem a capacidade de ligar-se ao DNA (desoxyribonucleic acid -ácido desoxirribonucleico) e interferir no processo de diferenciação celular [29] .…”

Effect of metronidazole on placental and fetal development in albino rats

“…Embryo implantation is the process by which the embryo (blastocyst) acquires a stable position in the endometrium to enable the maintenance of an efficient system of metabolic exchanges between the endometrium and the embryo (Melo et al, 2014). In rat, this process occurs from the 1st to the 5th day of pregnancy (Medeiros et al, 2014), a period in which the blastocyst appears to be very sensitive to chemical exposures, which may even lead to its death (Bernardi and Spinosa, 2017). It is also known that in the pre-implantation phase, the embryo seems to be more susceptible to lethality than teratogenicity (Rodrigues et al, 2011).…”

“…For this, females were anesthetized with ketamine hydrochloride (80mg/kg) and xylazine (6mg/kg) intramuscularly. An exploratory laparotomy with exposure of the uterine horns was performed to count implantation sites, resorption sites and fetuses (Medeiros et al, 2014). The uterine horns were then removed, fixed in 10% formaldehyde and processed for inclusion in paraplast.…”

Standardization of an Efficient Experimental Gestational Diabetes Protocol

“…In this context, it is known that induction before conception or in the first gestational days can affect early development and STANDARDIZATION OF AN EFFICIENT EXPERIMENTAL GESTATIONAL DIABETES PROTOCOL _________________________________________________________________________________ cause miscarriages (Fraser et al, 2007). Our choice of induction in G5 has based on the information that the period of organogenesis in rats begins from G6 and extends to G15 (Medeiros et al, 2014), and the development of beta-pancreatic cells in rats occurs during the last week of gestation (Blondeau et al, 2011), thus, the endocrine pancreas of fetuses would not be affected by STZ. In the literature, we find inductions at the most different gestational ages, from pre-conception to G10 (Blondeau et al, 2011;Caluwaerts et al, 2003;Ramos-Alves et al, 2012;Natif et al, 2003), also, induction in G5 (Merzouk et al, 2002).…”