Efek Health Coaching tentang Diet Seimbang dan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Kejadian Hospital Readmission pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Latar Belakang: asien diabetes mellitus (DM) yang mengalami hospital readmission banyak disebabkan pola diet yang buruk dan kurang aktifitas. Pemberian health coaching upaya intervensi untuk meminimalkan hospital readmission pada pasien DM. Tujuan: Studi ini mengevaluasi efek health coaching tentang pola diet seimbang dan aktifitas fisik terhadap kejadian hospital readmission pada pasien DM. Metode: Desain penelitian menggunakan quasi experiment post test-only non equivalen control group dan time series. Sampel berjumlah 52 responden dibagi 2 kelompok. Kelompok intervensi diberikan health coaching tentang pola diet DM dan aktifitas fisik, Sedangkan, kelompok kontrol diberikan discharge planning. Semua responden dievaluasi seminggu sekali selama 4 minggu dan dilakukan pemeriksaan GDS dan hospital readmission pada hari ke-30 Uji mann-whitney digunakan untuk mengevaluasi efek aktivitas fisik dan pola diet terhadap hospital readmission pada pasien DM. Hasil: Ada efek health coaching aktivitas fisik sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan intervensi, sedangkan tipe aktivitas tidak ada perbedaan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Ada efek pola diet sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan intervensi, sedangkan jumlah makanan tidak ada perbedaan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Ada perbedaan kejadian hospital readmission antara kelompok intervensi dan control. Simpulan: Intervensi health coaching yang diberikan kepada pasien DM untuk aktivitas fisik dan pola diet efektif dalam mencegah hiperglikemia dan mengurangi hospital readmission. Perlu adanya pelatihan health coaching bagi perawat, sehingga intervensi ini dapat diterapkan dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan.
 
 Abstract: Effects of Health Coaching on Dietary Patterns and Physical Activity with Hospital Readmission in Diabetes Mellitus Patients
 
 Background: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) who experience hospital readmission are mostly caused by poor diet and lack of activity. Provision of health coaching intervention efforts to minimize hospital readmission in DM patients. Purpose: This study evaluates the effect of health coaching about a balanced diet and physical activity on the incidence of hospital readmission in DM patients. Methods: The research design uses a quasi-experimental post test-only non equivalent control group and time series. The sample is 52 respondents divided into 2 groups. The intervention group was given health coaching about DM dietary patterns and physical activity, while the control group was given discharge planning. All respondents were evaluated once a week for 4 weeks and were examined for GDS and hospital readmission on day 30. The Mann-Whitney test was used to evaluate the effects of physical activity and dietary patterns on hospital readmission in DM patients. Results: There was a health coaching effect on physical activity before and after the intervention, while there was no difference in the type of activity before and after the intervention. There was an effect of dietary patterns before and after the intervention, while there was no difference in the amount of food before and after the intervention. There were differences in the incidence of hospital readmission between the intervention and control groups. Conclusion: Health coaching interventions given to DM patients for physical activity and dietary patterns are effective in preventing hyperglycemia and reducing hospital readmission. There is a need for health coaching training for nurses so that this intervention can be applied in providing nursing care.