Efektivitas Fotodegradasi Amoksisilin yang Dikatalisis dengan TiO2 dengan Keberadaan Ion Ag(I)

Abstract

An intensive use of medicines and their product provides not only benefits for human health but also carries side effect, such as an accumulation of waste. In the water environment, amoxicillin waste could mix with inorganic waste, such as Ag(I) ion. In this research, the study on amoxicillin photodegradation was conducted by combining UV-irradiation, semiconductor particles as the photocatalyst, and the presence of Ag(I) ions. This research aimed to determine the influence of UV-irradiation time, initial Ag(I) concentration, and the optimum conditions of amoxicillin photodegradation catalyzed by TiO2 in the presence of Ag(I) ions. Amoxicillin photodegradation process was conducted in a closed reactor equipped with a magnetic stirrer and UV light. The results are then analyzed by UV spectrophotometer to determine the remaining amoxicillin concentration and atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) to evaluate the concentration of the unreduced Ag(I) ions. The results showed that the degraded amoxicillin increased with increasing duration of irradiation due to the long contact between the TiO2 photocatalyst and the UV light, and the contact between amoxicillin and the radical •OH. The presence of Ag(I) ions might increase the effectiveness of amoxicillin photodegradation due to the prevention of the recombination between radical •OH from hole species and the excited electron. The optimum condition of amoxicillin photodegradation is reached 32.40 % when 25 mL amoxicillin 200 mg/L and 25 mL of Ag(I) solution 40 mg/L, were added by 20 mg of TiO2 and irradiated by UV light for 90 minutes. Under the same condition, Ag(I) ion was reduced up to 70.40 %. A b s t r a kKata kunci: amoksisilinelektron, radikal •OH, fotodegradasi, ion Ag(I).Pemakaian obat dan sediaannya secara intensif, selain memberikan keuntungan dalam pelayanan kesehatan juga memiliki efek sekunder yaitu akumulasi limbah yang tidak diinginkan. Akumulasi zat antibiotik seperti amoksisilin di perairan dapat menyebabkan resistensi. Di lingkungan, limbah amoksisilin dapat bersama-sama dengan limbah anorganik seperti ion Ag(I). Kajian tentang fotodegradasi dilakukan dengan menggabungkan cahaya ultraviolet dan partikel semikonduktor sebagai fotokatalis. Hal tersebut dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyinaran, keberadaan ion Ag(I), dan kondisi optimum terhadap efektivitas fotodegradasi amoksisilin yang dikatalisis TiO2 dengan kehadiran ion Ag(I). Proses fotodegradasi amoksisilin dilakukan dalam suatu reaktor tertutup dilengkapi dengan satu set alat pengaduk magnetik dan lampu UV. Hasil kemudian dianalisis dengan Spektrofotometer UV untuk mengetahui konsentrasi amoksisilin sisa dan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (SSA) untuk mengetahui konsentrasi ion Ag(I) sisa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa amoksisilin yang terdegradasi meningkat dengan semakin lamanya waktu penyinaran karena lamanya

Degradation of Ciprofloxacin by Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Nanoparticles: Optimization of Conditions, Toxicity, and Degradation Pathway

“…The current popular solution in reducing environmental pollution is using a photocatalyst. TiO2 photocatalysts are able to degrade environmental pollutants such as indigo carmine dyes [12], basic yellow (BY13) [13], diazinon pesticides [14], acetaminophen [15] and amoxicillin antibiotics [16,17]. Research on the degradation of ciprofloxacin using TiO2 nanoparticles continues.…”