Effect and mechanism of verbascoside on hypoxic memory injury in plateau

Abstract

Verbascoside is a water-soluble natural phenylethanoid glycoside and distributes widely in plants. It has been proved with antioxidant, neuroprotective, antiinflammatory, antibacterial, and immunomodulatory bioactivities. In this experiment, the effect and mechanism of verbascoside on hypoxic memory injury were studied in a low-pressure and low-oxygen chamber. Verbascoside (50, 150, and 300 mg/kg) was intragastrically administered once a day for 7 days. On the fourth day, rats were placed in the chamber to simulate a 7,500 m high-altitude environment The eight-arm maze was used to test the memory ability. The levels of MDA, GSH, and T-SOD in plasma, brain-NH, and hippocampus were detected. The mRNA expression of mTOR, P70S6K, and 4E-BP1 in the hippocampus tissue was determined by PCR. The protein expression of P-mTOR, P-P70S6K, P-4E-BP1, and Cleaved Caspase-3 in the hippocampus tissue was determined by western blot. The results indicated that administration with verbascoside could obviously reduce the working memory error, reference memory error, total errors, and total time; relieve the neuron damage in CA 1 region of the hippocampus; and decrease the oxidative stress correlation enzyme activity in plasma, brain, and hippocampus. The amelioration of verbascoside on high altitude-induced memory impairment may be associated with the adjustment of oxidative stress and mTOR signaling pathway. KEYWORDS apoptosis, eight-arm maze, hypoxia memory impairment, mTOR signaling pathway, oxidative stress, verbascoside

Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Ameliorated Iron Accumulation and Apoptosis and Promoted Neuronal Regeneration and Memory/Cognitive Functions in the Hippocampus Induced by Exposure to a Chronic High-Altitude Hypoxia Environment

“…In addition, we analyzed the expression of Caspase-3 and BDNF. Caspase-3 is the most important initiator and performer of terminal cleavage enzymes and apoptosis [35], while BDNF, as a neurotrophin, which can regulate neuron survival and differentiation as well as enhance synaptic transmission [36], promotes regeneration. Lin et al reported that hypoxia can increase the levels of Caspase-3 and induce apoptosis in hippocampal neurons [37].…”

Effects of Lippia citriodora Leaf Extract on Lipid and Oxidative Blood Profile of Volunteers with Hypercholesterolemia: A Preliminary Study

“…Similarly, a study using animal models showed a decrease in oxidative stress-correlated enzyme activity in the plasma, brain and hippocampus, as well as a decrease in cerebral MDA, after verbascoside administration [ 31 ]. The elevation of vitamin E and vitamin A, both concurring to the improvement of blood antioxidant power [ 32 ], is likely due to verbascoside influence on the stability of low molecular weight molecules such as these vitamins [ 15 ].…”

Investigation of the gene co-expression network and hub genes associated with acute mountain sickness

“…Furthermore, autophagy increase is related to endocytosis after the intestinal failure in Wistar rats acutely exposed to hypobaric hypoxia in plateau stress. Therefore, it is not queer to conclude that the mTOR signaling pathway participates in hypoxic memory injury in plateau and may be a potentially important therapeutic target for low-pressure and low-oxygen [31].…”