“…Studies have found that acupuncture has a significant inhibitory effect on the expression of inflammatory factors, thereby protecting joint cartilage, improving local microenvironment, effectively alleviating arthritis symptoms, and improving patient signs [42] . Traditional Chinese medicine believes that "if you do not pass, it is pain", Tuina has the effects of channeling meridians, regulating muscles and bones, removing blood stasis, etc., in the process of pain conduction, Tuina can not only activate the descending pain inhibition system, accelerate metabolism, reduce the concentration of inflammatory substances in the joints, but also increase the level of β-endorphins and other substances in the serum by regulating the body's release of endogenous morphine-like substances, and play an analgesic effect, thereby relieving the symptoms of pain locally [43] . Exercise has long been considered an important factor in maintaining healthy bones, muscles, and joints, and traditional (resistance, aerobic and flexible) and non-traditional (tai chi, yoga, and water sports) exercises have been shown to be effective in treating knee and hip osteoarthritis [44] .…”