Effect-directed analysis (EDA) in aquatic ecotoxicology: state of the art and future challenges

Hecker, Markus; Hollert, Henner

doi:10.1007/s11356-009-0229-y

Cited by 73 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Ethinylestradiol is now listed as a candidate for European priority pollutants. This demonstrates the potential and relevance of concepts such as EDA or TIE (toxicity identification and evaluation) in support of current environmental monitoring strategies [31].…”

Section: Harmonization Of Testing Methods and Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…A number of studies have been conducted to characterize the endocrine potential of municipal effluents [24,25], surface water [26][27][28] and sediments [26,27,29,30], and there has been increasing awareness of the need for testing approaches targeting EDCs to be included into current environmental assessments and monitoring [31][32][33][34][35][36] …”

Section: Environmental Sources and Exposure To Edcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the complex nature of chemicals with endocrine-disrupting properties as well as the likelihood of a large number of yet unknown EDCs that are present in sewage effluent it would not only be prohibitively expensive but also virtually impossible to analytically identify all of these chemicals due to detection limits in the available analytical methodologies. Therefore, there is an increasing trend towards the use of bio-analytical techniques that allow detecting specific groups of chemicals based on their common properties to interact with specific biological processes/ pathways [31]. Accordingly, such bio-analytical tools are increasingly used in the above-described projects for identifying the most efficient elimination method.…”

Section: Wastewater Treatment Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endocrine disruptor screening: regulatory perspectives and needs

Hecker

Hollert

2011

Environ Sci Eur

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National and international governments are in the process of establishing testing programs and strategies to assess the safety of currently used chemicals with regard to their potential to interact with the endocrine system of man and wildlife, resulting in potential impacts on reproduction, growth, and/or development. Specifically, the USA, Japan, EU, and OECD have established testing approaches and regulatory frameworks with aim to assess the risks associated with chemicals that have endocrine disrupting properties (EDCs). While there has been a large amount of efforts over the past two decades in context with the assessment of chemical safety, no comparable attempts to harmonize and mutually accept testing strategies and decision-making criteria for environmental monitoring and assessment exist to date for EDCs. In fact, many of the current environmental programs such as the European Water Framework Directive (WFD) or the US Clean Water Act do not explicitly test for EDCs, and considering the unique requirements and endpoints required to assess the endocrine potential of a sample, these programs are unlikely to appropriately address exposure to these chemicals. This is of great concern since EDCs are ubiquitous in the environment, especially in aquatic ecosystems. One of most important sources for EDCs in the environment is the effluent from sewage treatment plants. Many EDCs such as the natural and synthetic estrogens 17β-estradiol and 17α-ethinylestradiol, respectively, are not completely removed with conventional wastewater treatment systems. In recognition of these concerns, in Europe, there is increasing pressure to further develop advanced wastewater treatment methods, such as ozonation and activated carbon treatment for a broad application in municipal wastewater treatment. Another issue is the continuing lack of understanding of the environmental relevance of the phenomenon of ED. A great number of studies have been conducted to describe potential ED in wild and laboratory animals. Most of these studies relied on biomarkers of estrogenicity such as vitellogenin induction in males and mild histological alterations (e.g. occurrence of testicular oocytes), and to date -with few exceptions -no convincing evidence of population relevant impacts of exposure to EDC in the wild exist. In conclusion, while there has been a great deal of research and efforts in context with the hazard assessment and regulation of EDCs, there is still a large number of remaining uncertainties and issues. These range from animal rights concerns due to significant increases in the use of animals to fulfill testing requirements, associated needs for alternative testing concepts such as in vitro, in silico, and modeling approaches, lack of understanding of the relevance of the exposure of man and wildlife to EDCs, and the need for inclusion of EDCs in current environmental programs such as the WFD. In this article we attempted to summarize the current state-of-the-art of regulatory and scientific approaches in context with E...

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Section: Harmonization Of Testing Methods and Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Environmental Sources and Exposure To Edcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wastewater Treatment Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endocrine disruptor screening: regulatory perspectives and needs

Hecker

Hollert

2011

Environ Sci Eur

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“…2b). This sequential procedure combines physico-chemical fractionation, biological testing, and instrumental chemical analyses (Brack 2003;Hecker and Hollert 2009) that ultimately leads Fig. 1 Historical development of sediment risk assessment by continuous integration of additional approaches, e. g. biotesting, weightof-evidence approaches (WOE), the sediment quality triad (SQT) or effect-directed analysis (EDA) to the identification of biologically active and, thus, problematic substance classes or even single substances.…”

Section: Sediment Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxizität und Risk Assessment fluvialer Sedimente und Schwebstoffe: Eine kurze Übersicht bisheriger und neuerer Entwicklungen

et al. 2010

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Background In recent years, sediments have become a central topic of scientific and public discussion as an important factor for determining water quality. While the quality of surface waters in Germany has significantly improved during the past years, highly contaminated sediments still create a considerable threat to the quality of several European catchment areas.Main features Here, we summarize different concepts and methods for the assessment of sediment quality and report on some novel integrative test methods for assessing sediment toxicity including contaminant re-mobilization during simulated re-suspension events.Results and discussion Currently, different approaches for assessment of sediment pollution exist. While instrumental chemical analyses are not suitable to accurately describe sediment toxicity, combinations of biological and chemical test procedures and integrated approaches, for example weight-of-evidence studies and effect-directed analysis (EDA), have the potential to identify key contaminants. Inter-disciplinary studies combining hydrodynamic and toxicological aspects coupled to real exposure of aquatic organisms to contaminants are currently being developed.Conclusions Monitoring and assessment of sediment quality are of increasing importance, not only for national legislation but also for the implementation of the European Water Framework Directive (WFD). Integrated approaches for the determination of sediment stability play a key role in the appropriate sediment-monitoring strategies.

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“…This approach integrates biotesting with physicochemical fractionation procedures and chemical analysis. Complex environmental samples with their multitude of potentially toxic substances are reduced by this to a few fractions that can be surveyed in the following quantitative and qualitative chemical analyses [13,14]. An effect-directed approach was therefore used in the present study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of different flow conditions on the occurrence and behavior of potentially hazardous organic xenobiotics in the influent and effluent of a municipal sewage treatment plant in Germany: an effect-directed approach

Faber

Bierl

2012

Environ Sci Eur

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Background: Flow conditions in the sewer systems are particularly important for the chemical and toxicological characteristics of raw and treated wastewater. Nevertheless, this topic has not been thoroughly investigated to date. In this study, composite wastewater samples were taken daily from the influent and effluent of a municipal sewage treatment plant. Polarity-based fractionation of the samples was carried out through sequential solid phase extractions. Biological testing of single and recombinant fractions was performed using bioluminescence inhibition assay according to DIN EN ISO 11348-2. Selected compounds (pharmaceuticals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) were also included in the chemical analysis by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. By analyzing different flow conditions, this study clarifies how these fractions contribute to the total toxicity of organic substances in wastewater. Additionally, it demonstrates the extent to which the potentially hazardous effects of the fractions can be reduced at the examined sewage treatment plant. Results: Summarizing, medium to highly polar organic compounds were particularly relevant for the total toxicity of organic xenobiotics. For rising wastewater flow under wet weather conditions, we observed a significant decrease in the overall toxicity of the organic pollutants and specifically in the toxic effects of the moderately polar fraction 2.

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Effect-directed analysis (EDA) in aquatic ecotoxicology: state of the art and future challenges

Cited by 73 publications

References 78 publications

Endocrine disruptor screening: regulatory perspectives and needs

Endocrine disruptor screening: regulatory perspectives and needs

Toxizität und Risk Assessment fluvialer Sedimente und Schwebstoffe: Eine kurze Übersicht bisheriger und neuerer Entwicklungen

Influence of different flow conditions on the occurrence and behavior of potentially hazardous organic xenobiotics in the influent and effluent of a municipal sewage treatment plant in Germany: an effect-directed approach

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