Effect of 6 weeks of very low‐volume high‐intensity interval training on oral glucose‐stimulated incretin hormone response

Abstract

Introduction: Decreased fasting and oral glucose-stimulated incretin hormone concentrations following moderate-intensity continuous endurance training interventions have been reported in glucose-tolerant people, however results are conflicting. The effect of more time-efficient, very low-volume, high-intensity interval training (HIT) on circulating incretin hormone levels has never been studied. Materials and methods: Ten sedentary and overweight-to-obese participants (4 women and 6 men; age 43 ± 6 years (mean ± SD); BMI 30.2 ± 3.2 kg•m −2 ; HbA1c 35 ± 5.1 mmol•mol −1 (5.3 ± 0.3%); VO 2 max 30 ± 5 ml•min −1 •kg −1 ) from the Copenhagen cohort of the METAPREDICT trial underwent 6 weeks of supervised low-volume HIT (3 sessions per week: 7 × 1 min at ∼100% VO 2 max separated by 1 min of active recovery). We measured glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, GLP-1 and GIP concentrations during a frequently sampled 75 g oral glucose tolerance test as well as VO 2 max and body composition before and after the intervention. Results: Training compliance was 100%. Relative VO 2 max improved after the intervention (median 2.69 ml•min −1 •kg −1 , IQR [0.43; 3.14], p = 0.037) while there were no significant effects on body weight and composition. No significant effects on oral glucose-stimulated glucose and hormone responses or estimates of insulin sensitivity and β-cell function were observed. Conclusion: Low-volume HIT improved aerobic fitness, but neither affected glucose tolerance nor oral glucose-stimulated incretin hormone responses in sedentary and overweight-to-obese people. Highlights:. Ten sedentary, overweight-to-obese, glucose-tolerant participants underwent 6 weeks of supervised, very low-volume HIT. . Aerobic fitness improved.. Fasting and oral glucose-stimulated incretin hormone concentrations were not affected.

Combined training and hormones/enzymes with insulinotropic actions in individuals with overweight and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial

“…However, a study with normoglycemic/overweight young individuals found an increase in GLP‐1 in the group of subjects who underwent vigorous erobic training for 6 months, while the groups that exercised at low and moderate intensity had no basal changes in this hormone (Quist et al., 2019). No change in GLP1 and GIP levels was observed at 6 weeks of very low‐volume high‐intensity interval training by overweight individuals (Hindso et al., 2022). This divergence of the effects promoted by physical exercise on GLP‐1 may be due to differences in exercise protocols, intensity, intervention period, and different effects on body composition, age, and metabolic patterns of individuals (Flack et al., 2018; Hindso et al., 2022; Janus et al., 2019; Quist et al., 2019).…”

“…No change in GLP1 and GIP levels was observed at 6 weeks of very low‐volume high‐intensity interval training by overweight individuals (Hindso et al., 2022). This divergence of the effects promoted by physical exercise on GLP‐1 may be due to differences in exercise protocols, intensity, intervention period, and different effects on body composition, age, and metabolic patterns of individuals (Flack et al., 2018; Hindso et al., 2022; Janus et al., 2019; Quist et al., 2019). Curiously, the present study and the others that show a decrease in GLP1 by physical activity/exercise have in common longer periods of intervention, a decrease in body fat by the intervention, and middle‐aged or older individuals as participants.…”

The effect and safety of high-intensity interval training in the treatment of adolescent obesity: a meta-analysis

“…From the perspective of dose-effect, the exercise dose in weight control is the key to the body's fat-reducing effect. Under the combined conditions of different exercise duration and intermittent time, the exercise intensity that the body can withstand is bound to be different (27,28). This results in different combinations of exercise time and intermittent time to stimulate the body differently, resulting in different fatreducing effects produced by the body.…”

An Acute Bout of Endurance Exercise Does Not Prevent the Inhibitory Effect of Caffeine on Glucose Tolerance the following Morning

“…Glucose tolerance can even be increased many hours after a single bout of exercise [31,32]. However, not all studies have shown increased glucose tolerance after training [33], and the reason for this discrepancy needs clarification. Interestingly, we found that an acute bout of exercise increased glucose tolerance in people on normal diet but not after 3 weeks on a high fat diet [31].…”