Effect of a bacteriophage cocktail in combination with modified atmosphere packaging in controlling Listeria monocytogenes on fresh-cut spinach

Boyacioglu, Olcay; Sulakvelidze, Alexander; Sharma, Manan; Goktepe, Ipek

doi:10.1515/ijafr-2016-0007

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…There, results showed growth potentials on spinach, where initial concentrations 2.28 ± 0.47 log 10 cfu g −1 at 8 • C led to maximum population densities of 5.85 ± 0.67 log 10 cfu g −1 over 16 days. With high initial inoculum densities of around 10 5 cfu g −1 , growth of L. monocytogenes was identified on freshly cut spinach leaves in ambient and modified atmosphere (low O 2 , high CO 2 ) over 14 days at 10 • C storage [28]. Interestingly, under ambient atmosphere (filled with atmospheric air), cfu g −1 values dropped at day 7, but recovered subsequently to around 10 6 cfu g −1 by day 10.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Potential of Listeria monocytogenes on Refrigerated Spinach and Rocket Leaves in Modified Atmosphere Packaging

Culliney

Schmalenberger

2020

Foods

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Minimally processed ready-to-eat (RTE) vegetables are increasingly consumed for their health benefits. However, they also pose a risk of being ingested with food-borne pathogens. The present study investigated the ability of RTE spinach and rocket to support the growth of Listeria monocytogenes as previous studies provided contradicting evidence. Findings were compared to growth on iceberg lettuce that has repeatedly been shown to support growth. Products were inoculated with a three-strain mix of L. monocytogenes at 10 and 100 cfu g−1 and stored in modified atmosphere (4 kPa O2, 8 kPa CO2) at 8 °C over 7–9 days. Spinach demonstrated the highest growth potential rate of 2 to 3 log10 cfu g−1 over a 9-day period with only marginal deterioration in its visual appearance. Growth potential on rocket was around 2 log10 cfu g−1 over 9 days with considerable deterioration in visual appearance. Growth potential of iceberg lettuce was similar to that of rocket over a 7-day period. Growth curves fitted closely to a linear growth model, indicating none to limited restrictions of growth over the duration of storage. The high growth potentials of L. monocytogenes on spinach alongside the limited visual deterioration highlight the potential risks of consuming this raw RTE food product when contaminated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Potential of Listeria monocytogenes on Refrigerated Spinach and Rocket Leaves in Modified Atmosphere Packaging

Culliney

Schmalenberger

2020

Foods

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“…The influence of environmental conditions on L. monocytogenes on leafy vegetables has been well-established. The application of different atmosphere treatments has been indifferent to the limited impact of the growth of L. monocytogenes on leafy vegetable products [15][16][17]. Incubation over 6 days at 7 • C, combination of 7 • C and 15 • C, and solely 15 • C showed increasing growth potentials of L. monocytogenes on spinach and rocket with an increase in temperature [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivation Conditions of Spinach and Rocket Influence Epiphytic Growth of Listeria monocytogenes

Culliney

Schmalenberger

2022

Foods

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Leafy vegetables are associated with Listeriosis outbreaks due to contamination with Listeria monocytogenes. To date, contradictory findings were reported on spinach, rocket, and kale, where some studies reported growth of L. monocytogenes, while others did not. Thus, the current study investigated the reason for conflicting findings by producing leafy vegetables, where cultivation factors were known for growth potential studies. Of all polytunnel produce, kale Nero di Toscana demonstrated the highest growth potential (2.56 log cfu g−1), followed by spinach F1 Cello (1.84 log cfu g−1), rocket Buzz (1.41 log cfu g−1), spinach F1 Trumpet (1.37 log cfu g−1), and finally rocket Esmee (1.23 log cfu g−1). Thus, plant species and variety influenced L. monocytogenes growth potentials. Moreover, significantly lower growth potentials of 0.3 log cfu g−1 were identified when rocket Buzz was cultivated in open fields (1.11 log cfu g−1) instead of a polytunnel. The opposite effect was observed for spinach F1 Trumpet, where growth potentials increased significantly by 0.84 log cfu g−1 when cultivated in open fields (2.21 log cfu g−1). Furthermore, a significant seasonality effect between batches was found (p < 0.05). This study revealed that spinach and rocket cultivation conditions are at least co-factors in the reporting of differing growth potentials of L. monocytogenes across literature and should be considered when conducting future growth potential studies.

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“…For example, a study by Boyacioglu and colleagues showed that under different O 2 and CO 2 concentrations, the phage cocktail had no significant effect on the killing effect of Escherichia coli O157:H7 37 . They also found that there was no significant difference in the inhibitory effect of bacteriophages on Listeria monocytogenes under controlled atmosphere storage conditions and normal pressure storage conditions 38 . On the other hand, Tanji and colleagues reported that, under aerobic conditions, the optical density (OD) value of phage mixture (SP15‐21‐22) lysing E. coli O157:H7 decreased more than that under anaerobic conditions 39 .…”

Section: Efficacy Of Bacteriophage As An Antibacterial Agents Is Affe...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…37 They also found that there was no significant difference in the inhibitory effect of bacteriophages on Listeria monocytogenes under controlled atmosphere storage conditions and normal pressure storage conditions. 38 On the other hand, Tanji and colleagues reported that, under aerobic conditions, the optical density (OD) value of phage mixture (SP15-21-22) lysing E. coli O157:H7 decreased more than that under anaerobic conditions. 39 Another study conducted by Mizuno et al showed that, under anaerobic conditions, the ability of bacteriophage CrRp3 to lyse enteropathogenic E. coli was significantly delayed.…”

Section: Initial Bacteriophage Titermentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges for the application of bacteriophages as effective antibacterial agents in the food industry

Zhao

Zhan

et al. 2021

J Sci Food Agric

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Food contamination caused by foodborne pathogens is one of the most important concerns in public health worldwide, and accounts for a significant portion of food loss every year. The emergence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria has turned the attention of researchers back to the potential of bacteriophages as antibacterial agents, and their use has been attempted in various pre-and post-harvest food production settings. The application of phage-based antibacterial products has achieved considerable success but a number of technical, environmental and administrative challenges remain unaddressed. In this review, we summarize the current status of bacteriophage application in the food industry. We discuss the obstacles facing the further development of phage-based antibacterial products from the aspects of technology, environmental safety, and administrative policy. We also advance some possible solutions to these challenges.

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Effect of a bacteriophage cocktail in combination with modified atmosphere packaging in controlling Listeria monocytogenes on fresh-cut spinach

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Growth Potential of Listeria monocytogenes on Refrigerated Spinach and Rocket Leaves in Modified Atmosphere Packaging

Growth Potential of Listeria monocytogenes on Refrigerated Spinach and Rocket Leaves in Modified Atmosphere Packaging

Cultivation Conditions of Spinach and Rocket Influence Epiphytic Growth of Listeria monocytogenes

Challenges for the application of bacteriophages as effective antibacterial agents in the food industry

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