Effect of a bradykinin potentiating factor separated from honey bee venom on thyroid gland and testis in hypothyroid white rats

Abstract

Background Animal venoms have been known as a source of drugs beneficial to human health. Accordingly, this study was designed to determine the effect of bradykinin potentiating factor (BPF) separated from honey bee venom, Apis mellifera on histological structure, thyroid and male sex hormones of the thyroid gland and testis in a model of hypothyroid male white rats induced by carbimazole. Results This study includes male rats divided into 6 main and sub-groups (10 rats in each group). Control group, carbimazole group, levothyroxine group, BPF group, carbimazole group treated with levothyroxine and carbimazole group treated with BPF. At the end of experiments (60 days) rats were sacrificed and dissected; the blood was collected for determination of thyroid and male sex hormones. Also, the thyroid gland and testis were taken to histological study. The results indicated that, carbimazole group showed a highly significant decrease in thyroid hormones (T4, T3, Ft4 and Ft3) and male sex hormones (LH, FSH and testosterone), but a significant increase in TSH compared to control group. The results revealed that, treated groups with levothyroxine or BPF have significant increase in thyroid and male sex hormones and significant decreasein TSH. A significant improvement was detected in co-treated groups (hypothyroid groups) with levothyroxine or (BPF). Also, the present study showed a histopathological change in thyroid gland and testis of hypothyroid male rats. Conclusion Treated hypothyroid rats with levothyroxine as a drug and BPF as a natural product showed an improvement of these complications induced by carbimazole in thyroid gland and testis. Therefore, BPF may be benefical in treatment of hypothyroidism.

Hesperidin Attenuates Hypothyroidism-Induced Lung Damage in Adult Albino Rats by Modulating Oxidative Stress, Nuclear Factor Kappa-B Pathway, Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen and Inflammatory Cytokines

“…It is noteworthy that HES significantly increased FT3 and FT4 but ELT significantly increased FT3 while not significantly increasing FT4. These results agreed with those of Amra et al [ 50 ], who found that ELT ameliorates the general toxic effects caused by CBZ-induced HPO, and Hegazy, et al [ 51 ], who clarified that HES significantly boosts THs and decreases TSH when used in treatment with CBZ.…”

Eltroxin and Hesperidin mitigate testicular and renal damage in hypothyroid rats: amelioration of oxidative stress through PPARγ and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway

“…In accordance with the results of Amra et al [ 61 ], our study showed that testosterone, FSH and LH levels were decreased in hypothyroid rats. Furthermore, Mohamed and Bushra [ 62 ] suggested that the anti-thyroid drugs may reduce the liver’s capability to produce sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), which increases free androgen levels and inhibits the anterior pituitary’s ability to release gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), resulting in decreased FSH and LH levels.…”

“…Our histopathological findings were consistent with the biochemical results intensifying the results of Amra et al [ 61 ] and Alhealy et al [ 82 ] who clarified the testicular changes induced by HPO. Adverse effects in histological structure and semen parameters in adult male hypothyroid rats were also reported by Ibrahim et al [ 112 ].…”

“…Adverse effects in histological structure and semen parameters in adult male hypothyroid rats were also reported by Ibrahim et al [ 112 ]. Co-administration of ELT or HSP showed improvement in testicular structure as previously reported [ 61 , 87 ]. Their protective effect on HPO-induced testicular degeneration may be attributed to the antioxidant abilities, which eliminate free radicals to minimize lipid peroxidation and therefore preserve normal histological structure of testes [ 77 , 113 ].…”

Effect of Libyan Sidr honey on thyroid gland damage induced by cigarette smoke in male rats.

“…It is also regulates many body functions by secreting triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and calcitonin hormones [7]. These hormones play a role in the development and function of the cardiovascular, nervous, immune and reproductive system [8]. Some studies have found that cigarette smoke causes changes in the serum concentration of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), T4, and T3 [9], [10].…”