Effect of a brief intervention for alcohol and illicit drug use on trauma recidivism in a cohort of trauma patients

Cordovilla‐Guardia, Sergio; Fernández-Mondéjar, E.; Vilar-López, Raquel; Navas, Juan F.; Portillo-Santamaría, Mónica; Rico‐Martín, Sergio; Lardelli-Claret, Pablo

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0182441

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Usually, a BMI consists of one to four individual interviews lasting 7.5-60 min each that are conducted by psychologists, nurses, or doctors with specific training (Field et al, 2005;Miller & Rollnick, 2013). However, the evidence suggests that in certain circumstances, such as hospital admission, a single-session BMI could be effective for the adoption of certain behaviours (Cordovilla-Guardia et al, 2017), especially when the intervention is combined with a telephone booster after discharge (Donovan et al, 2015;Field et al, 2014). BMIs applied in these situations could be associated with a 'teachable moment', defined as a situation or set of circumstances that leads an individual to modify his or her health behaviour in a positive way (Lawson & Flocke, 2009), which increases the efficacy of health promotion activities (Fonarow, 2003;Pollak et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of a brief motivational intervention to increase the breastfeeding duration in the first 6 months postpartum: Randomized controlled trial

Franco‐Antonio

Calderón‐García

Santano‐Mogena

et al. 2019

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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Aims To evaluate the effectiveness of a brief motivational intervention to increase the breastfeeding duration in the first 6 months postpartum in mothers who began breastfeeding in the first hour after birth and to explore the role of general and breastfeeding self‐efficacy in this relationship. Design A multi‐centre randomized controlled clinical trial. Methods Data were collected from February 2018 ‐ March 2019. Women were randomly assigned to an intervention group that received a brief motivational intervention (N = 44) or a control group that was offered standard education on breastfeeding (N = 44). Survival analysis techniques were carried out with a follow‐up of 6 months. In addition, the roles of breastfeeding and general self‐efficacy in the association between BMI and breastfeeding duration were explored through mediation/moderation analysis. Results Among 88 randomized patients (mean age, 32.82 years), 81 (92.04%) completed the trial. The survival analyses of exclusive breastfeeding and breastfeeding (exclusive and non‐exclusive) showed reductions in the risk of abandonment in the intervention group of 63% (aHR: 0.37 [0.22–0.60] p < .001) and 61% (aHR: 0.39 [0.20–0.78] p = .008), respectively. We found that self‐efficacy acted as a moderator of the effect of brief motivational intervention on breastfeeding self‐efficacy. A discrete indirect effect of brief motivational intervention through increased breastfeeding self‐efficacy was found on breastfeeding duration, with an index of moderated mediation of 0.08 (95% CI: 0.02–0.19). Greater positive variations in the breastfeeding self‐efficacy scores during follow‐up predicted exclusive and non‐exclusive breastfeeding duration. Conclusion A brief motivational intervention conducted in the immediate postpartum period increases breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding duration in the first 6 months. Although breastfeeding self‐efficacy seems to moderate the effect of brief motivational intervention on the increase in breastfeeding duration, other factors may influence its effectiveness. Further studies could focus on exploring how brief motivational intervention works and whether it also works for pregnant mothers who have not yet decided whether to breastfeed. Impact Brief motivational intervention could be introduced as part of routine care of women who begin breastfeeding to improve the low rates of exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months postpartum. Trial registration Unique Protocol ID: Moti003; https://ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03357549.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of a brief motivational intervention to increase the breastfeeding duration in the first 6 months postpartum: Randomized controlled trial

Franco‐Antonio

Calderón‐García

Santano‐Mogena

et al. 2019

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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“…It is clear such presentations represent an opportunity for the health care system to intervene to reduce the health burden from future violent injury. What should be the nature of such intervention is less clear; screening for alcohol and drug use combined with a brief intervention has previously been shown to be effective in reducing trauma recidivism …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…What should be the nature of such intervention is less clear; screening for alcohol and drug use combined with a brief intervention has previously been shown to be effective in reducing trauma recidivism. 14 The health and socio-economic gap between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians has long been a topic of national discourse in Australia. Despite census and national death records suggesting an improvement over the last decade, the average life expectancy for Indigenous Australians remain 10 years below non-Indigenous Australians.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpersonal violence and violent re‐injury in the Northern Territory

Lim

McDermott

Read

2020

Australian J Rural Health

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Objectives To analyse incidence of prior emergency department presentations for interpersonal violence and demographics for a series of hospital admissions for interpersonal violence injuries. Design Retrospective analysis of trauma registry. Setting A tertiary hospital and primary referral centre for trauma in the Top End of the Northern Territory. Participants Patients hospitalised from 2010 to 2015 for injuries due to interpersonal violence with an injury severity score > 9. Main outcome measures Patient demographics, injury location, assault mechanism, alleged perpetrator, time/day of event, alcohol involvement, clinical outcome and prior emergency department presentations for interpersonal violence. Results A total of 248 admissions for patients with Injury Severity Score > 9 due to interpersonal violence were identified. Indigenous females over‐represented non‐Indigenous females (35.4% vs 5.0%, P < .001). The majority of victims had evidence of alcohol intake at presentation. Victims of single‐punch head injuries were mostly male and non‐Indigenous, whilst Indigenous persons experienced significantly more blunt and penetrating weapon injuries (66.7% and 68.1%). Forty‐three per cent of patients had a preceding emergency department presentation for interpersonal violence; female gender, Indigenous ethnicity, evidence of alcohol intake, and urban location of injury were independent risk factors for prior interpersonal violence presentation. Conclusions Interpersonal violence is a recurring disease for a just under half of those presenting to a Top End hospital with moderate to severe injuries. Indigenous ethnicity, female gender and evidence of alcohol intake are predictive of prior interpersonal violence presentations. Patient under‐reporting and incomplete data may underestimate the true prevalence of interpersonal violence presentations in rural and remote locales.

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“…[10,17,18] Both alcohol and drugs can impair cognition and lead to impulsive or risky behavior, prompting the patient's subsequent decision to leave AMA. [19] In addition, patients who are dependent on drugs and/or alcohol may be more likely to leave the hospital toobtain dependent substances, especially if withdrawal symptoms are not properly treated. [20] The risk of AMA discharge was lower in patients with obesity, acute cardiorespiratory failure, metastatic cancer, solid tumor without metastasis, meningitis, and urinary tract infection or pyelonephritis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discharge Against Medical Advice and Risk of Readmission After Sepsis Hospitalization

Lin

Zhai

Han

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: To describe characteristics of sepsis patients who discharged against medical advice (AMA), identify factors associated with AMA discharges in the patients, and evaluate the association of AMA discharge with 30-day unplanned readmission and outcomes of readmission.Methods: Using the National Readmission Database of the United States, we identified inpatients with sepsis who discharged AMA or discharged home between 2010 and 2017. The baseline characteristics were compared between the two groups. Multivariable models were used to identify factors related to AMA discharge, evaluate the association between AMA discharge and 30-day unplanned readmission, and elucidate the relationship between the AMA discharges and in-hospital outcomes.Results: AMA discharges accounted for 2.29% of all the hospitalized sepsis patients. The prevalence of AMA discharge in sepsis patients increased from 1.99% in 2010 to 2.55% in 2014 (p for trend < 0.001).The unplanned 30-day readmission rates of sepsis patients who discharged AMA and who discharged home are 25.51% and 12.26%, respectively. AMA discharge is statistically significantly associated with 30-day [odds ratio (OR), 2.24; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.15–2.33], 60-day (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.99–2.15), and 90-day (OR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.90–2.05) readmission. AMA discharge is also associated with longer length of stay in 30 days (0.44 day, 95% CI, 0.12 days-0.76 days, p=0.007), whereas there was no statistically significant difference in hospitalization costs and in-hospital mortality for patients discharged AMA versus those discharged home.Conclusions: Due to the high risk of readmission, vulnerable patients should be early identified. Medical institutions should conduct post-discharge interventions for patients with AMA discharge, such as follow-up visits and psychological counseling, to reduce readmission.

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Effect of a brief intervention for alcohol and illicit drug use on trauma recidivism in a cohort of trauma patients

Cited by 32 publications

References 51 publications

Effectiveness of a brief motivational intervention to increase the breastfeeding duration in the first 6 months postpartum: Randomized controlled trial

Effectiveness of a brief motivational intervention to increase the breastfeeding duration in the first 6 months postpartum: Randomized controlled trial

Interpersonal violence and violent re‐injury in the Northern Territory

Discharge Against Medical Advice and Risk of Readmission After Sepsis Hospitalization

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