Effect of a killed whole Neospora caninum tachyzoite vaccine on the crude abortion rate of Costa Rican dairy cows under field conditions

Romero, J.J.; Pérez, E.; Frankena, K.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.06.016

Cited by 83 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…There are no drugs available to prevent Neospora-associated abortions; a vaccine based on killed tachyzoites is available in the United States, but the data on the efficacy of this vaccine are ambiguous (23). In other parts of the world, control relies solely on effective management.…”

Section: Neospora Caninum Is An Obligate Intracellular Protozoan Paramentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunization of Cattle with Live Tachyzoites of Neospora caninum Confers Protection against Fetal Death

Williams

Guy

Smith³

et al. 2007

Infect Immun

112

103

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Neospora caninum is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that causes abortion in cattle. It is normally found as a latent infection controlled by a T-helper-cell type 1 response involving CD4؉ cytotoxic T cells and gamma interferon. Cattle may be infected by two different routes: transplacentally as a result of activation of the latent infection in the mother causing congenital infection or abortion and by ingestion of oocysts, which, if it occurs during gestation, can also result in abortion. Here, for the first time, we establish proof that live vaccination protects against fetal death, whereas immunization using whole-tachyzoite lysate in different adjuvants fails to protect against fetal death. Strong antibody responses were induced in all the vaccinated groups, and the quality and magnitude of these responses were similar in the live-and the lysate-vaccinated groups. In contrast, only the group immunized with live tachyzoites had strong cellular and gamma interferon responses prior to challenge, and these responses correlated with protection against fetopathy. These results suggest that a cellular immune response may be important in the mechanisms involved in protection against N. caninum-associated abortions.

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Section: Neospora Caninum Is An Obligate Intracellular Protozoan Paramentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunization of Cattle with Live Tachyzoites of Neospora caninum Confers Protection against Fetal Death

Williams

Guy

Smith³

et al. 2007

Infect Immun

112

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is no chemotherapy available and, although progress has been made toward understanding immunity to N. caninum infections, no consistent, highly efficacious vaccine is available to limit fetal infection or prevent abortions. Two field efficacy studies of a commercially available N. caninum vaccine, based upon lysates of whole tachyzoites, show low efficacy in lowering the overall crude abortion rate (46%) or efficacy that varied greatly from farm to farm because precise causes of abortion were not determined, resulting in variability from other infectious agents or noninfectious causes of abortion (25,35). In cattle, both cellular and humoral responses, particularly CD4 ϩ Tlymphocyte activation and gamma interferon (IFN-␥) secretion, are important for immune protection against fetal infection and abortion (1, 18, 22-24, 40, 42, 43).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine Immune Response to Inoculation with Neospora caninum Surface Antigen SRS2 Lipopeptides Mimics Immune Response to Infection with Live Parasites

Baszler

Shkap²,

Mwangi

et al. 2008

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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“…The vaccine consists of inactivated N. caninum tachyzoites with an adjuvant administered subcutaneously. A large field study in Costa Rica (151), where infection is highly prevalent in diary herds, demonstrated an overall twofold (46%) reduction in abortion rates through vaccination (49/438 versus 91/438 in saline-injected controls). As also reported in a multiherd vaccination trial in New Zealand (C. Heuer, C. Nicholson, D. Russell, and J. Weston, presented at the 19th International Conference of the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology, New Orleans, LA, 2003), there was a high variability in efficacy between farms, which is likely due to abortions being caused by other infections or by noninfectious causes (87).…”

Section: Veterinary Parasite Vaccines Protozoal Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status of Veterinary Vaccines

et al. 2007

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SUMMARY The major goals of veterinary vaccines are to improve the health and welfare of companion animals, increase production of livestock in a cost-effective manner, and prevent animal-to-human transmission from both domestic animals and wildlife. These diverse aims have led to different approaches to the development of veterinary vaccines from crude but effective whole-pathogen preparations to molecularly defined subunit vaccines, genetically engineered organisms or chimeras, vectored antigen formulations, and naked DNA injections. The final successful outcome of vaccine research and development is the generation of a product that will be available in the marketplace or that will be used in the field to achieve desired outcomes. As detailed in this review, successful veterinary vaccines have been produced against viral, bacterial, protozoal, and multicellular pathogens, which in many ways have led the field in the application and adaptation of novel technologies. These veterinary vaccines have had, and continue to have, a major impact not only on animal health and production but also on human health through increasing safe food supplies and preventing animal-to-human transmission of infectious diseases. The continued interaction between animals and human researchers and health professionals will be of major importance for adapting new technologies, providing animal models of disease, and confronting new and emerging infectious diseases.

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Effect of a killed whole Neospora caninum tachyzoite vaccine on the crude abortion rate of Costa Rican dairy cows under field conditions

Cited by 83 publications

References 33 publications

Immunization of Cattle with Live Tachyzoites of Neospora caninum Confers Protection against Fetal Death

Immunization of Cattle with Live Tachyzoites of Neospora caninum Confers Protection against Fetal Death

Bovine Immune Response to Inoculation with Neospora caninum Surface Antigen SRS2 Lipopeptides Mimics Immune Response to Infection with Live Parasites

Current Status of Veterinary Vaccines

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