Effect of a Multicomponent Intervention on Lifestyle Factors among Brazilian Adolescents from Low Human Development Index Areas: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Promoting healthy lifestyle factors (e.g., physical activity, healthy eating, less screen time) among young people is a relevant and challenging step toward reducing non-communicable diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a multicomponent intervention on lifestyle factors among adolescents from schools in low Human Development Index (HDI < 0.500) areas. The Fortaleça sua Saúde program was conducted with 548 adolescents aged 11–18 years old in the intervention group and 537 in the control group. The four-month intervention included strategies focused on training teachers, new opportunities for physical activity in the school environment, and health education strategies for the school community (including parents). Moderate- to-vigorous physical activity level (≥420 min/week), TV watching and computer use/gaming (<2 h/day), daily consumption of fruit juice, fruit, vegetables, soft drinks, savory foods and sweets, and current alcohol and tobacco use were measured before and after intervention. McNemar’s test and logistic regression (odds ratio [OR] and a 95% confidence interval [95% CI]) were used, considering p < 0.05. In the intervention schools, a significant increase occurred in the number of adolescents who met physical activity guidelines (5.3%; 95% CI = 0.8; 9.8) and who reported using computer for <2 h a day (8.6%; 95% CI = 3.8; 13.4) after intervention. No changes were observed in the control schools. At the end of the intervention, adolescents from intervention schools were more likely to practice physical activity at recommended levels (OR = 1.44; 95% CI = 1.00; 2.08) than adolescents from control schools. No significant change was observed for the other lifestyle factors. In conclusion, this multicomponent intervention was effective in promoting physical activity among adolescents from vulnerable areas. However, other lifestyle factors showed no significant change after intervention. This study is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02439827.

Diversified Talent Cultivation Mechanism of Early Childhood Physical Education Under the Full-Practice Concept – Oriented by Preschooler Mental Health and Intelligent Teaching

“…In China, the degrees of education for preschool teachers include Master’s degree (graduate), Bachelor’s degree (undergraduate), and Associate degree (college student; Poppe et al, 2018 ; Barbosa Filho et al, 2019 ). Although they have the same task of cultivating preschool teachers, each education level has a different emphasis on training talents due to different academic systems, student sources, and training goals.…”

Fatores associados em adultos jovens com história familiar de hipertensão arterial e diabetes

“…O estilo de vida das crianças e jovens sofreu modificações através dos tempos e atualmente se volta a atividades mais estáticas, com uso de computador, jogos eletrônicos e televisão, além de uma alimentação baseada em fast-foods, afastando-os de práticas motoras, acentuando o risco de sobrepeso/obesidade e as demais condições associadas às doenças crônicas (Barbosa et al, 2019).…”

“…O estilo de vida adotado pelos adultos jovens escolares tem consequências na saúde da população e apresenta relação com as atitudes e valores focados no bem estar geral do indivíduo (Barbosa et al, 2019).…”

“…Perceber as principais carências de saúde do grupo, no que tange a saúde dos estudantes e dos seus familiares, pode proporcionar estratégias efetivas de promoção da saúde que favoreçam mudanças no estilo de vida e proporcionem uma vida adulta mais saudável e com uma melhor qualidade de vida (Barbosa et al, 2019;Loureiro et al, 2020;Ondimu, Kikuvi & Otieno, 2019;Palota et al, 2019).…”

“…As práticas de educação em saúde junto aos adultos jovens podem favorecer mudanças de hábitos e promovem uma reconstrução do saber, transformando crenças, saberes e mitos. Os objetivos são atingidos a longo prazo, como: realização de exercício físico, escolha por alimentos mais saudáveis e busca por acompanhamento profissional, proporcionando uma melhor qualidade de vida (Malta et al, 2019;Chor et al, 2015;Barbosa et al, 2019).…”