Effect of a severe hypoxia on some aspects of nitrogen metabolism in the crab<i>cancer pagurus</i>

Regnault, Michèle

doi:10.1080/10236249309378841

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Lobsters fed maize and rice diets seem to increase amino acid catabolism, as judged by the higher activity of AST enzyme both in muscle and digestive gland ( Table 5 ), although we could not find higher activity also for GDH enzyme, which is involved in ammonia formation [113] , as expected under this scenario [114] . This is probably the first study providing direct biochemical evidence of an effect of dietary carbohydrate on protein metabolism in spiny lobsters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 38%

A Holistic View of Dietary Carbohydrate Utilization in Lobster: Digestion, Postprandial Nutrient Flux, and Metabolism

et al. 2014

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Crustaceans exhibit a remarkable variation in their feeding habits and food type, but most knowledge on carbohydrate digestion and utilization in this group has come from research on few species. The aim of this study was to make an integrative analysis of dietary carbohydrate utilization in the spiny lobster Panulirus argus. We used complementary methodologies such as different assessments of digestibility, activity measurements of digestive and metabolic enzymes, and post-feeding flux of nutrients and metabolites. Several carbohydrates were well digested by the lobster, but maize starch was less digestible than all other starches studied, and its inclusion in diet affected protein digestibility. Most intense hydrolysis of carbohydrates in the gastric chamber of lobster occurred between 2–6 h after ingestion and afterwards free glucose increased in hemolymph. The inclusion of wheat in diet produced a slow clearance of glucose from the gastric fluid and a gradual increase in hemolymph glucose. More intense hydrolysis of protein in the gastric chamber occurred 6–12 h after ingestion and then amino acids tended to increase in hemolymph. Triglyceride concentration in hemolymph rose earlier in wheat-fed lobsters than in lobsters fed other carbohydrates, but it decreased the most 24 h later. Analyses of metabolite levels and activities of different metabolic enzymes revealed that intermolt lobsters had a low capacity to store and use glycogen, although it was slightly higher in wheat-fed lobsters. Lobsters fed maize and rice diets increased amino acid catabolism, while wheat-fed lobsters exhibited higher utilization of fatty acids. Multivariate analysis confirmed that the type of carbohydrate ingested had a profound effect on overall metabolism. Although we found no evidence of a protein-sparing effect of dietary carbohydrate, differences in the kinetics of their digestion and absorption impacted lobster metabolism determining the fate of other nutrients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 38%

A Holistic View of Dietary Carbohydrate Utilization in Lobster: Digestion, Postprandial Nutrient Flux, and Metabolism

et al. 2014

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“…Enzyme assays were performed individually on crude homogenates of each tissue following the method proposed by King et al (1985) and Regnault (1993). Conditions of these assays were 850μl 80 mM imidazole buffer, pH 8.0, and 10μl 1M NaCl.…”

Section: Gdh Activity Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutamate dehydrogenase and Na+-K+ ATPase expression and growth response of Litopenaeus vannamei to different salinities and dietary protein levels

Arena

Lizama-Uc

et al. 2011

Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol.

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Improvement in the osmoregulation capacity via nutritional supplies is vitally important in shrimp aquaculture. The effects of dietary protein levels on the osmoregulation capacity of the Pacific white shrimp (L. vannamei) were investigated. This involved an examination of growth performance, glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and Na +-K + ATPase mRNA expression,, and GDH activity in muscles and gills. Three experimental diets were formulated, containing 25%, 40%, and 50% dietary protein, and fed to the shrimp at a salinity of 25. After 20 days, no significant difference was observed in weight gain, though GDH and Na +-K + ATPase gene expression and GDH activity increased with higher dietary protein levels. Subsequently, shrimp fed diets with 25% and 50% dietary protein were transferred into tanks with salinities of 38 and 5, respectively, and sampled at weeks 1 and 2. Shrimp fed with 40% protein at 25 in salinity (optimal conditions) were used as a control. Regardless of the salinities, shrimp fed with 50% dietary protein had significantly higher growth performance than other diets; no significant differences were found in comparison with the control. Shrimp fed with 25% dietary protein and maintained at salinities of 38 and 5 had significantly lower weight gain values after 2 weeks. Ambient salinity change also stimulated the hepatosomatic index, which increased in the first week and then recovered to a relatively normal level, as in the control, after 2 weeks. These findings indicate that in white shrimp, the specific protein nutrient and energy demands related to ambient salinity change are associated with protein metabolism. Increased dietary protein level could improve the osmoregulation capacity of L. vannamei with more energy resources allocated to GDH activity and expression.

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“…The GDHase assay was performed on crude homogenates of each tissue following the method by Regnault ( 1993 ). The GSase activity was measured on the basis of γ-glutamyl transfer reaction (Woolfolk et al, 1966 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of Ammonia-Metabolizing Enzyme Activity and Gene Expression of Two Strains in Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Under Ammonia Stress

Qiu

Shi

et al. 2018

Front. Physiol.

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Ammonia stress can inhibit the survival and growth, and even cause mortality of shrimp. In this study, ammonia-metabolizing enzyme activities and gene expression were compared between two strains of L. vannamei under different ammonia-N (NH4+) concentrations (3.4, 13.8, and 24.6 mg/L). The results showed that elevated ammonia concentrations mainly increased glutamine synthetase (GSase) activities while inhibiting transglutaminase (TGase) activities in the muscle of both strains. Thus, we concluded that L. vannamei could accelerate the synthesis of glutamine from glutamate and NH4+ to alleviate ammonia stress. Compared with the muscle, the hepatopancreas plays a major role in ammonia stress and might be a target tissue to respond to the ammonia stress. Compared to the control group, the treatment of high ammonia concentrations reduced the hepatopancreas TGase (TG) gene expression and increased the gene expression rates of glutamate dehydrogenase-β (GDH-β) and GSase (GS) in both the muscle and the hepatopancreas of the two strains (p < 0.05). These genes (GDH-β and GS) in strain B were not only expressed earlier but also at levels higher than the expression range of strain A. At the gene level, strain B showed a more rapid and positive response than strain A. These data might help reveal the physiological responses mechanisms of shrimp adapt to ammonia stress and speed up the selective breeding process in L. vannamei.

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Effect of a severe hypoxia on some aspects of nitrogen metabolism in the crabcancer pagurus

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

A Holistic View of Dietary Carbohydrate Utilization in Lobster: Digestion, Postprandial Nutrient Flux, and Metabolism

A Holistic View of Dietary Carbohydrate Utilization in Lobster: Digestion, Postprandial Nutrient Flux, and Metabolism

Glutamate dehydrogenase and Na+-K+ ATPase expression and growth response of Litopenaeus vannamei to different salinities and dietary protein levels

Changes of Ammonia-Metabolizing Enzyme Activity and Gene Expression of Two Strains in Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Under Ammonia Stress

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