Effect of a single inactivated poliovirus vaccine dose on intestinal immunity against poliovirus in children previously given oral vaccine: an open-label, randomised controlled trial

John, Jacob; Giri, Sidhartha; Karthikeyan, Arun S; Iturriza‐Gómara, Miren; Muliyil, Jayaprakash; Abraham, Asha Mary; Grassly, Nicholas C; Kang, Gagandeep

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60934-x

Cited by 100 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, the benefits of these alternative schedules need to be weighed carefully against decreased protection in early infancy, prior to receipt of the first RV dose, as well as potential impacts to vaccine coverage that may result with a change in schedule. Finally, learning from the polio vaccine experience, the switch to a parenteral route would overcome the hypothesized interference by breast milk immune factors (87,88). While some inactivated parenteral RV candidates have shown promise in animal studies (70,89), the research and development costs to bring these vaccines to human clinical trials would be substantial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Maternal Immunity to Decreased Rotavirus Vaccine Performance in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Mwila

Chilengi

Simuyandi

et al. 2017

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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The role of maternal immunity, received by infants either transplacentally or orally from breast milk, in rotavirus vaccine (RV) performance is evaluated here. Breastfeeding withholding has no effect on vaccine responses, but higher levels of transplacental rotavirus-specific IgG antibody contribute to reduced vaccine seroconversion. The gaps in knowledge on the factors associated with low RV efficacy in low-and middle-income countries (LMIC) remain, and further research is needed to shed more light on these issues. KEYWORDS immunization, low-and middle-income countries, maternal, rotavirus D espite the progress seen with the global introduction of rotavirus vaccines (RV), diarrhea is still a leading cause of death in children under the age of 5 years, and a substantial proportion of disease cases are still attributable to rotavirus infection. The latest estimates show that approximately 215,000 children die each year from rotavirusassociated diarrhea, and approximately 56% of these deaths are in sub-Saharan Africa (1). The World Health Organization (WHO) recommended the introduction of oral RV into national immunization programs (2), and many countries have heeded this call. As of September 2016, the WHO lists 86 countries as having included RV in their national immunization programs, and 6 more are in the course of doing so in 2016 (www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/VaccineIntroStatus.pptx). Approximately 50% of the countries in Africa and Asia, over 80% of those in North America, South America, and Australia, and approximately 40% of those in Europe have introduced RV. Following RV introduction, there was a notable reduction in the number of deaths due to diarrhea (1). However, there is consistent evidence from clinical trials that RV have lower efficacies in low-and middle-income countries (LMIC): vaccine efficacies are 80 to 90% in high-income countries (HIC) and 40 to 60% in LMIC (3-8). Indeed, there is growing evidence from vaccine effectiveness studies emerging from the field that in real-life use, vaccine effectiveness is also consistently lower in LMIC (9-12).In addition to the differences in observed vaccine efficacy and effectiveness, there are also marked differences in vaccine-elicited immunity as reported by various vaccine-elicited antibody titers following rotavirus immunization (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). A number of hypotheses have been put forward to explain the differences in efficacy and vaccineelicited immunity between HIC and LMIC. The hypotheses include (i) maternal factors (such as interference from transplacental antibodies and antibody and nonantibody breast milk components [13,[19][20][21][22][23] [38,39]). A better understanding of these factors which decrease the efficacy of RV in LMIC may help to inform interventions to improve efficacy and to further reduce the number of child deaths due to rotavirus disease. This review examines the correlations between maternal immune factors and RV responses and their potential effect on vaccine efficacy. NATURAL ROTAVIRUS...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Maternal Immunity to Decreased Rotavirus Vaccine Performance in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Mwila

Chilengi

Simuyandi

et al. 2017

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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“…This is illustrated by the efficacy of both IPV and OPV, with the former protecting against the systemic manifestation of the disease, predominantly via IgG in the serum while OPV induces a local IgA response and prevents initial viral attachment to the epithelium and subsequent entry [26]. However a recent study shows that boosting with IPV can enhance mucosal immunity in those previously immunised with OPV [27]. Therefore in future oral prime/parenteral boost vaccine strategies may be considered.…”

Section: Benefits Of Oral Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delivery strategies to enhance oral vaccination against enteric infections

Davitt

Lavelle

2015

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

133

102

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“…IPV has been shown to boost mucosal immunity among recipients who have earlier received OPV [75,76]. Further clinical studies on heterogeneous prime-boost vaccination schedules, but also of other administration strategies, mucosal immunity will be more and better addressed by modern techniques [77].…”

Section: Five-year Viewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative administration routes and delivery technologies for polio vaccines

Kraan

Stel

Kersten

et al. 2016

Expert Review of Vaccines

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Global polio eradication is closer than ever. Replacement of the live attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) by inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) is recommended to achieve complete eradication. Limited global production capacity and relatively high IPV costs compared to OPV spur the need for improved polio vaccines. The target product profile of these vaccines includes not only dose sparing but also high stability, which is important for stockpiling, and easy application important for (emergency) vaccination campaigns. In this review, the current status of alternative polio vaccine delivery strategies is given. Furthermore, we discuss the feasibility of these strategies by highlighting challenges, hurdles to overcome, and formulation issues relevant for optimal vaccine delivery. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Effect of a single inactivated poliovirus vaccine dose on intestinal immunity against poliovirus in children previously given oral vaccine: an open-label, randomised controlled trial

Cited by 100 publications

References 22 publications

Contribution of Maternal Immunity to Decreased Rotavirus Vaccine Performance in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Contribution of Maternal Immunity to Decreased Rotavirus Vaccine Performance in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Delivery strategies to enhance oral vaccination against enteric infections

Alternative administration routes and delivery technologies for polio vaccines

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