Effect of accelerated weathering on discoloration and roughness of finished ash wood surfaces in comparison with red oak and hard maple

Nzokou, Pascal; Kamdem, D. Pascal; Temiz, Ali

doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2011.03.028

Cited by 43 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The highest mean value of Ra* after weathering was observed for spruce (Ra = 25,21 µm), while the lowest one for alder (Ra = 7,70 µm). The roughness measurements confirmed previous studies: value of wood roughness increases with the time of weathering (Nzokou et al 2011, Tolvaj et al 2014 because wood surfaces quickly erode (Williams et al 2001). Any increased roughness can be related to natural weathering and degradation of the wood polymers (especially lignin) and removed degrading materials due to leaching after rain, mist or dew (Feist 1982).…”

Section: Honsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The colour changes were reported strictly as a surface phenomenon, they occurred to a depth of only 0,05-2,5 mm (Feist 1990, Reinprecht 2008. Measuring the surface roughness has been already used in several studies as a tool to analyse the effects of weathering on wood surfaces (Östman 1983, Xie et al 2008, Nzokou et al 2011. The trend of increasing roughness value was observed in these studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A lot of studies were aimed at evaluating the properties of wood treated or modified with some protective compound after natural weathering (Kropf et al 1994, Nzokou et al 2011, Turkoglu et al 2015 or accelerated weathering (Tolvaj and Faix 1995, Williams et al 2001, Temiz et al 2005, Ozgenc et al 2012. In these studies, the surface became rougher and darker after weathering in comparison with the initial stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of natural weathering on untreated wood surface

Oberhofnerová

Pánek

García-Cimarras

2017

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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As a result of contemporary ecological and sustainable movements, a number of constructions from wood, as the only renewable building material, is still increasing. In accordance with these trends, wood elements are often left untreated. The presented study is aimed to characterize and compare a surface degradation of untreated wood caused by weathering. Weathering characteristics of softwoods and hardwoods (spruce, pine, Douglas fir, larch, oak, black locust, maple, poplar and alder) during twelve months of exposure in the climatic conditions of Central Europe were determined. All the wood species were characterized by colour and gloss changes and increasing roughness. The lowest discoloration was observed for oak and the highest one for spruce wood, respectively. The lowest changes of roughness were observed for alder, the highest for spruce wood. The depth of colour changes was relatively similar among the softwoods. Regarding hardwoods, it varied more. The values of total colour changes had a significant correlation with the depth values of these colour changes. Maple, alder and poplar samples were characterized by the presence of mould and blue-stain fungi. Douglas fir wood was found to be the most liable for the formation of cracks.

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Section: Honsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of natural weathering on untreated wood surface

Oberhofnerová

Pánek

García-Cimarras

2017

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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“…Moreover, apart from variation of individual amounts of cellulose and C.I., other effects such as the distribution of the lignin and cellulose at the exposure surface and the influence of wood treatment chemicals act simultaneously. The surface roughness and colour change is random for artificial exposures as has been observed by others (Nzokou et al, 2011).…”

Section: Spectral Analysis and Degradation Of Nine Typessupporting

confidence: 65%

Wood facade materials ageing analysis by FTIR spectroscopy

Gupta

Jelle

Gao

2015

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Constructio

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Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is used in this study to quantify wood degradation. Nine different types of wood materials were studied. All types of wood were exposed in an Atlas solar simulator against artificial climate conditions. Additionally, natural climate exposure was performed for all types of wood at an outdoor test site in Trondheim, Norway, for 4 years. Surface treatment enhanced the durability of the wood and their performance against weathering. Rough surfaces might reduce the resistance against degradation in comparison with planed surfaces. The degradation during climate exposure created loss of lignin and accumulation of cellulose at the surface.

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“…Wood materials exposed to environmental conditions of interior and exterior spaces have faced the complicated processes of physical, chemical, and mechanical degradation (Nzokou et al 2011). Following these processes, roughness, cracks, and distortion (structural degradation) affect the surface of the wood through what appears to be the modification of lignin and other compounds and cause color degradation due to changes in surface carbonyl groups and quinones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Bleaching on Hardness, Gloss, and Color Change of Weathered Woods

Budakçı¹,

Karamanoğlu²

2014

BioResources

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The aim of this study was to eliminate the problems of hardness, gloss, and color change of some wood materials exposed to weathering conditions using a bleaching procedure to attempt to return the wood material to its natural state. For this, wood samples of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Eastern beech (Fagus orientalis L.), sessile oak (Quercus petraea L.), and chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) were exposed to weathering conditions based on 12 months ASTM D-1641, followed by a bleaching procedure using 18% solutions of S1 (NaOH + H 2 O 2 ), S2 (NaOH + Ca(OH) 2 ), S3 (KMnO 4 + NaHSO 3 + H 2 O 2 ), S4 (NaSiO 3 + H 2 O 2 ), and the commercial product S5 (Cuprinol Decking Restorer-(H 2 C 2 O 4 + C 2 H 4 (OH) 2 ). The color, gloss, and hardness changes of samples were determined according to ASTM D 2244-2, EN ISO 2813, and ASTM D 2240 standards. As a result, hardness and gloss values of all woods decreased due to weathering conditions and the wood color turned grey due to degradation. When comparing the weathered samples to the bleached samples, the hardness value was found to be highest in pine wood bleached with the S2 solution, and the gloss value was highest in oak wood bleached with the S1 solution. The greatest color change was found in pine, beech, and chestnut samples bleached with the S4 solution and in oak samples bleached with the S1 solution.

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Effect of accelerated weathering on discoloration and roughness of finished ash wood surfaces in comparison with red oak and hard maple

Cited by 43 publications

References 5 publications

The effect of natural weathering on untreated wood surface

The effect of natural weathering on untreated wood surface

Wood facade materials ageing analysis by FTIR spectroscopy

Effect of Bleaching on Hardness, Gloss, and Color Change of Weathered Woods

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