Effect of ACTH on Corticosteroidogenesis and Adenyl Cyclase Activities in the Rat Adrenal Tissue1

Shima, Sumio; Mitsunaga, Masayuki; Nakao, Takeshi

doi:10.1210/endo-88-2-465

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Previous experiments on rat adrenal glands (12,17,28) revealed that the adenyl cyclase activities of the capsular and the decapsulated were the same, regardless of great differences in steroidogenic responses to ACTH between the two zones. In the present paper, the activity of CAMP binding and protein kinases stimulated by CAMP was also similar in the capsular and the decapsulated zone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Studies on Cyclic Nucleotides in the Adrenal Gland

et al. 1973

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Abstract-Studieson the zonal function of CAMP-binding protein (regulatory pro tein) and CAMP-dependent protein kinases in bovine adrenal glands have been made. Partially purified CAMP-binding protein from bovine adrenal gland divided into three zones, the capsular (zona glomerulosa), the decapsulated (zona fasciculata and reticularis) and the medulla gland was found in microsomal and cytosol fractions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…1, 2, 4 and 8). Treatments with ACTH in vitro (12,17,18) and immobilization stress (17,18) to rats produced a great increase in adenyl cyclase activity in the adrenal cortex (the capsular and the decapsulated gland) without any change in the medulla.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Cyclic Nucleotides in the Adrenal Gland

et al. 1973

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“…ACTH‐induced steroidogenesis in adrenal cells involves adenyl cyclase activation, increases in cyclic AMP levels, and PKA activation ( Shima et al ., 1971 ; Simpson & Waterman, 1988 ). We therefore examined whether the action of magnolol is mediated via the PKA pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detachment of the capsule from the lipid droplet surface is known as ‘decapsulation’; it is characterized by discontinuous or weak capsule staining with antibody A2 and is promoted by activation of PKA or inhibition of PKC ( Fong & Wang, 1997 ). The same signal pathways (PKA activation and PKC inhibition) that mediate lipid droplet decapsulation also control steroidogenesis in adrenal cells ( Shima et al ., 1971 ; Widmaier & Hall, 1985 ; Simpson & Waterman, 1988 ; Reyland, 1993 ). Therefore, antibody A2 can be used as a convenient marker to study capsule structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnolol stimulates steroidogenesis in rat adrenal cells

Wang

Lee

Huang

et al. 2000

British J Pharmacology

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1 This study investigated the eect of magnolol, a compound puri®ed from Magnolia ocinalis, on glucocorticoid production by primary adrenal cell culture. 2 Magnolol increased corticosterone secretion in a dose-dependent manner, this eect being maximal at 40 mM. A similar eect was seen in a minced adrenal gland system. 3 In magnolol-treated cells, the number and total area of cytoplasmic lipid droplets were reduced, suggesting a high utilization rate of cholesterol esters stored in lipid droplets. In control cells, the capsule of the lipid droplet was clearly delineated by immunostaining with antibody A2, whereas capsular staining was discontinuous or undetectable following magnolol treatment. The percentage of decapsulated cells increased signi®cantly from 20% in the control group to 80% in the magnololtreated group. 4 Magnolol-induced steroidogenesis was not mediated either via the traditional ACTH-cyclic AMP-protein kinase A pathway or by protein kinase C, since the intracellular cyclic AMP level did not change and inhibition of protein kinase A or C did not block the action of magnolol. Furthermore, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II was not involved in magnolol-induced steroidogenesis. 5 The stimulatory eect of magnolol on steroidogenesis apparently requires new protein synthesis, since cycloheximide inhibited magnolol-induced corticosterone production by 50%. 6 Although other studies have shown that high concentrations of magnolol inhibit acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase and 11b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in a cell-free system, our data show that, in adrenal cell cultures, low concentrations of magnolol have a stimulatory eect on steroidogenesis, and the glucocorticoid produced may explain the eective control of asthma by Magnolia ocinalis.

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“…Steroidogenesis in adrenal cells is triggered by the binding of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) to a membrane receptor, which activates adenylate cyclase and the protein kinase A (PKA) system [Shima et al, 1971;Flockhart and Corbin, 1982;Sharma, 1982]; activation of PKA results in the phosphorylation of cholesterol ester hydralase, a key enzyme in cholesterol hydrolysis [Schimmer, 1995]. Steroidogenesis is also regulated by the protein kinase C (PKC) system [Widmaier and Hall, 1985;Finn et al, 1988;Pelosin et al, 1991], and the signaling pathway involved in CS-mediated steroidogenesis therefore requires further investigation.…”

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Effects of a water-soluble extract ofCordyceps sinensis on steroidogenesis and capsular morphology of lipid droplets in cultured rat adrenocortical cells

et al. 1998

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Cordyceps sinensis contains a factor that stimulates corticosteroid production in the animal model. However, it is not known whether this drug acts directly on the adrenal glands or indirectly via the hypothalamus-pituitary axis. In the present study, we used primary rat adrenal cell cultures to investigate the pharmacological function of a water-soluble extract of Cordyceps sinensis (CS) and the signaling pathway involved. Radioimmunoassay of corticosterone indicated that the amount of corticosterone produced by adrenal cells is increased in a positively dose-dependent manner by CS, reaching a maximum at 25 microg/ml. This stimulating effect was seen 1 h after CS treatment and was maintained for up to 24 h. Concomitantly, the lipid droplets in these cells became small and fewer in number. Immunostaining with a monoclonal antibody, A2, a specific marker for the lipid droplet capsule, demonstrated that detachment of the capsule from the lipid droplet occurs in response to CS application and that the period required for decapsulation is inversely related to the concentration of CS applied. The mechanism of CS-induced steroidogenesis is apparently different from that for ACTH, since intracellular cAMP levels were not increased in CS-treated cells. However, combined application with calphostin C, a PKC inhibitor, completely blocked the effect of CS on steroidogenesis, suggesting that activation of PKC may be responsible for the CS-induced steroidogenesis.

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Effect of ACTH on Corticosteroidogenesis and Adenyl Cyclase Activities in the Rat Adrenal Tissue1

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Studies on Cyclic Nucleotides in the Adrenal Gland

Studies on Cyclic Nucleotides in the Adrenal Gland

Magnolol stimulates steroidogenesis in rat adrenal cells

Effects of a water-soluble extract ofCordyceps sinensis on steroidogenesis and capsular morphology of lipid droplets in cultured rat adrenocortical cells

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