EFFECT OF ACTIVE COOLING AND α-2 ADRENOCEPTOR ANTAGONISM ON CORE TEMPERATURE IN ANESTHETIZED BROWN BEARS (URSUS ARCTOS)

Abstract

PREFACECompilation of this document was initiated by the Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management in order to establish recommended protocols for capture, chemical immobilization, anesthesia and radiotagging of free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos), gray wolves (Canis lupus), wolverines (Gulo gulo) and Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx). In addition, procedures to ensure proper sampling of biological materials for management, research and banking purposes have been included.The current protocols are based on nearly 3,000 captures of free-ranging brown bears, wolves, wolverines and lynx carried out from 1984 through 2012 in Scandinavia. Some of the results have been published as peer reviewed papers, conference presentations, theses, and reports. However, a large amount of data are still on file and will be published in the future. In addition, comprehensive reviews of the global literature on brown bears, wolves, wolverines and lynx have been carried out in order to include pertinent information from other sources.These protocols have been approved by all ongoing research projects on brown bears, wolves, wolverines and lynx in Scandinavia.We thank the contributors for their cooperative efforts. We also thank the Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management for their support. This document will be updated on a regular basis and will be available in pdf format at:

A Double-Blinded, Randomized Comparison of Medetomidine-Tiletamine-Zolazepam and Dexmedetomidine-Tiletamine-Zolazepam Anesthesia in Free-Ranging Brown Bears (Ursus Arctos)

“…The lowest body temperature recorded was 36.5°C in the DTZ group in Sweden. The alteration of thermoregulatory mechanisms by the alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonists [73], the cessation of physical activity, the onset of drug-induced muscle relaxation, and the application of corrective measures to reduce body temperature probably contributed to the decrease in body temperature [74]. Rectal temperature was not differentially affected by the drug combination used, hence, rejecting our fifth hypothesis that bears anesthetized with DTZ would show a quicker recovery of normal body temperature than MTZ.…”

Cooling by Dousing With Cold Water Does Not Alter the Pathophysiological Biochemical Changes Induced by Capture in Blesbok (Damaliscus Pygargus Phillipsi)

“…The precise mechanistic etiology of this condition, and the reasons why certain species, and even individuals within a species, are more susceptible remains unsolved (Breed et al 2019). Research on the cause and occurrence of capture-induced hyperthermia, and on measures to effectively reduce its severity and incidence, are ongoing (Dickens et al 2010; Ozeki et al 2015; Sawicka et al 2015). One of the main questions revolves around the possible pathogenesis of capture-induced hyperthermia.…”

“…However, hyperthermia, which is commonly observed during capture, is thought to be one of the main contributors (Gericke et al 1978;Kock et al 1987Kock et al , 1990Montane ´et al 2003;Arnemo et al 2006;Meyer et al 2008a;Sawicka et al 2015;Breed et al 2019). Capture-induced hyperthermia is defined by a rise in body temperature above normal physiological values, caused by the capture procedure mainly in response to capture-induced stress, and has been reported in various species (Meyer et al 2008a;Ozeki et al 2015;Sawicka et al 2015;Braud et al 2019;Breed et al 2019).…”

“…The pathophysiology of heatstroke results from the interplay between changes in physiology caused by hyperthermia (i.e., circulatory failure, hypoxia, increase in metabolic demand) and the damaging effects of heat on tissues (Bouchama and Knochel 2002). Cooling has been recommended to treat or prevent the pathophysiology seen in heatstroke in humans (Kosaka et al 2004; Sawicka et al 2015; Breed et al 2019) and since it has been largely effective (Bouchama and Knochel 2002), it has been assumed to be of value in capture-induced hyperthermia in wildlife (Ozeki et al 2015; Sawicka et al 2015).…”