Effect of Acute Nicotine on Fos Protein Expression in Rat Brain During Chronic Nicotine and Its Withdrawal

Salminen, Outi; Seppä, Tiina; Gäddnäs, Helena; Ahtee, Liisa

doi:10.1016/s0091-3057(00)00203-3

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In agreement, a previous study from our laboratory revealed that chronic NIC treatment is not able to alter the c-Fos expression in the hippocampus and amygdala in mice (Balerio et al, 2004). In addition, other authors observed that in NIC-treated rodents does not change the c-Fos expression in limbic areas compared with control animals (Salminen et al, 1999(Salminen et al, , 2000Schroeder et al, 2001). On the other hand, few reports have previously studied the immediate early gene induction following NIC withdrawal.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Acute behavioural responses to nicotine and nicotine withdrawal syndrome are modified in GABAB1 knockout mice

et al. 2012

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Acute behavioural responses to nicotine and nicotine withdrawal syndrome are modified in GABAB1 knockout mice

et al. 2012

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“…In addition to expressing more subunit types, varying combinations of transcripts were found in subregions of the adult brain. Expression and pharmacological studies in the mouse have also suggested that the IPN consists of discrete domains differing in nAChR subunit composition (20,64,65).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinergic left-right asymmetry in the habenulo-interpeduncular pathway

Hong

Santhakumar

Akitake

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The habenulo-interpeduncular pathway, a highly conserved cholinergic system, has emerged as a valuable model to study leftright asymmetry in the brain. In larval zebrafish, the bilaterally paired dorsal habenular nuclei (dHb) exhibit prominent left-right differences in their organization, gene expression, and connectivity, but their cholinergic nature was unclear. Through the discovery of a duplicated cholinergic gene locus, we now show that choline acetyltransferase and vesicular acetylcholine transporter homologs are preferentially expressed in the right dHb of larval zebrafish. Genes encoding the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits α2 and β4 are transcribed in the target interpeduncular nucleus (IPN), suggesting that the asymmetrical cholinergic pathway is functional. To confirm this, we activated channelrhodopsin-2 specifically in the larval dHb and performed whole-cell patchclamp recording of IPN neurons. The response to optogenetic or electrical stimulation of the right dHb consisted of an initial fast glutamatergic excitatory postsynaptic current followed by a slowrising cholinergic current. In adult zebrafish, the dHb are divided into discrete cholinergic and peptidergic subnuclei that differ in size between the left and right sides of the brain. After exposing adults to nicotine, fos expression was activated in subregions of the IPN enriched for specific nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits. Our studies of the newly identified cholinergic gene locus resolve the neurotransmitter identity of the zebrafish habenular nuclei and reveal functional asymmetry in a major cholinergic neuromodulatory pathway of the vertebrate brain.ateralization of brain function is found throughout the animal kingdom, yet knowledge of the underlying neural bases for left-right (L-R) specializations is limited. Multiple developmental mechanisms could account for differential neural activity, including asymmetry in cell number or density, in specification of neuronal types, or in connectivity. Increasing evidence suggests that L-R differences in neurotransmitter distribution also play an important role in lateralized behaviors.The bilaterally paired habenular nuclei (Hb) of zebrafish provide a valuable model to study brain asymmetry. In larvae, the dorsal habenulae (dHb) [equivalent to medial habenular nuclei (mHb) of mammals] exhibit pronounced L-R differences in size, molecular properties, and connections with their midbrain target, the interpeduncular nucleus (IPN) (1-3). The Hb-IPN pathway connects limbic areas of the forebrain and midbrain (4), and has been implicated in nicotine addiction in mammals (5).The mHb-IPN tract is a major cholinergic system across vertebrates (6-11); however, it is still unresolved whether this pathway is cholinergic in zebrafish. Cholinergic neurons are defined by the presence of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), which synthesizes ACh from choline and acetyl CoA, and vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), which packages ACh into synaptic vesicles. The chat and vacht genes are situa...

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“…Nicotinic receptors are found in the hippocampus and amygdala, pertinent areas for HPA axis regulation [28,32,37,57,72]. A single IV injection of NIC (0.1 mg/kg) induced Fos-like immunoreactivity in numerous extrahypothalamic brain regions, as well as in the PVN and SON [57,66], but again only male rats were studied. The potential sexual diergism of c-fos induction and Fos expression following NIC administration remains to be studied, as do sex differences in nicotinic receptor distribution in brain areas relevant to HPA axis regulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexually diergic hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) responses to single-dose nicotine, continuous nicotine infusion, and nicotine withdrawal by mecamylamine in rats

Gentile

Andrekanic

Karwoski

et al. 2011

Brain Research Bulletin

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Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) responses to single-dose nicotine (NIC) are sexually diergic: Female rats have higher adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone (CORT) responses than do males. In the present study we determined HPA responses in male and female rats following single doses of NIC, a single-dose of NIC immediately following continuous NIC for two weeks, and NIC withdrawal by single-dose mecamylamine (MEC) following continuous NIC infusion for two weeks. Blood sampling occurred before and after MEC and NIC administrations for determination of ACTH and CORT. In accordance with our previous findings, female ACTH and CORT responses to single-dose NIC were greater than male responses. This sex difference remained after single-dose NIC followed continuous NIC infusion, but HPA responses in both sexes were significantly lower in magnitude and duration than in the single-dose NIC alone groups. Sex differences also were observed following NIC withdrawal by MEC: The HPA responses to pretreatment with MEC were significantly higher in magnitude and duration in the continuous NIC groups than in the single-dose NIC groups. These results demonstrate that HPA responses to NIC are reduced and transient following continuous NIC infusion but are enhanced and sustained following NIC withdrawal by MEC after continuous NIC, suggesting that NIC habituation and withdrawal influence the stress responses in a diergic manner. These findings highlight the importance of sex differences in the effect of NIC on HPA axis activity and stress responsiveness, which may have implications for directing NIC-addiction treatment specifically towards men and women.

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Effect of Acute Nicotine on Fos Protein Expression in Rat Brain During Chronic Nicotine and Its Withdrawal

Cited by 23 publications

References 45 publications

Acute behavioural responses to nicotine and nicotine withdrawal syndrome are modified in GABAB1 knockout mice

Acute behavioural responses to nicotine and nicotine withdrawal syndrome are modified in GABAB1 knockout mice

Cholinergic left-right asymmetry in the habenulo-interpeduncular pathway

Sexually diergic hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) responses to single-dose nicotine, continuous nicotine infusion, and nicotine withdrawal by mecamylamine in rats

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