Effect of Acute Pulmonary Embolism on the Hospitalization Rates in Patients With Heart Failure (From a Nationwide Cohort Sample)

The significance of heart failure in hospitalised patients with pulmonary embolism. A gender‐specific analysis

“…Once the study population was identified, it was stratified according to the presence of HF. We considered that a patient suffered HF if in any of the secondary diagnosis fields (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) we found any of the following ICD 10 codes "I50.xx (Heart failure)," "I11.x (Hypertensive heart disease with heart failure)," "I13.0 (Hypertensive heart and chronic kidney disease with heart failure and stage 1 through stage 4 chronic kidney disease, or unspecified chronic kidney disease)", or "I13.2 (Hypertensive heart and chronic kidney disease with heart failure and with stage 5 chronic kidney disease, or end-stage renal disease)". Those patients without any of these codes were classified as "non-HF patients".…”

“…To assess the severity of PE, we used the definition for "massive PE" proposed by Smith et al 17 A patient was classified as affected by a "Massive PE" if the discharge report included codes for any of the following procedures or diagnosis; mechanical ventilation, vasopressors medication or non-septic shock, in any of the procedures (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) or diagnosis fields (2-20), as described by Smith et al 17 We had to use this algorithm because the ICD 10 does not include a specific code for severe PE (see Table S2 for ICD 10 codes).…”

“…10 Further understanding of the association between PE and HF could help guide more tailored prophylaxis strategies in this population. 11 In spite of the demonstrated relationship between both conditions, few studies have examined the difference in risk of VTE between men and women with HF. In some studies this relationship has been evaluated, not specifically in HF patients, with inconsistent findings, although most studies found an excess risk among men.…”