Effect of added ethanol in ethylene glycol–NaCl electrolyte on titanium electropolishing

Kim, Dong‐Hyun; Son, Kyungsik; Sung, Dahye; Kim, Yonghwan; Chung, Wonsub

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2015.05.057

Cited by 63 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In the second region, a passive surface layer forms while a current plateau is reached [14]. This plateau exists in a range of potentials which varies greatly depending on the sample and electropolishing conditions [2,6,20]. A clear example of a plateau in Fig.…”

Section: Polarization Behaviormentioning

confidence: 95%

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Electropolishing valve metals with a sulfuric acid-methanol electrolyte at low temperature

Barnes

Savva

Dixon

et al. 2018

Surface and Coatings Technology

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This study reports the electropolishing Ti and Nb metals using a fluoride-free electrolyte of sulfuric acid and methanol at low temperature (-70°C) without prior treatment. A fluoride-free electrolyte provides a less hazardous and more environmentally friendly option for electropolishing procedure. Experimental studies are presented on electropolishing with sulfuric acid electrolyte, which provides high quality macro-and micro-smoothing of the metal surfaces. Optimal conditions yielded leveling and brightening of the surface of Ti and Nb metals beyond that of the currently utilized electropolishing procedures with fluoride-containing electrolytes. The root mean squared roughness (Rq) from atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis was 1.64 and 0.49 nm for Ti and Nb, respectively. Lower temperature experiments led to noticeable kinetic effects, indicated by a dramatic drop in current densities and the expansion of the steadystate current density plateau in anodic polarization curves. In addition, the voltage range of the current plateau expanded with increasing acid concentration. Surface characterization of Ti and Nb metals after polishing provided evidence of salt film formation. In addition, these metals were used as substrates in the formation of nanostructured metal oxides. The overall quality of the polishing led to a dramatic improvement in the uniformity of the nanostructures.

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Section: Polarization Behaviormentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Polarization curves are commonly divided into three key regions that describe the phenomena taking place at a given potential. At lower potentials, the first region is where the sample actively forms the localized oxides [2,14,20]. This is known as the pitting area, and ranges from ~0-10 V in the Ti and Nb system.…”

Section: Polarization Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Electropolishing valve metals with a sulfuric acid-methanol electrolyte at low temperature

Barnes

Savva

Dixon

et al. 2018

Surface and Coatings Technology

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“…mol -1 . On the other hand, the HOMO-LUMO difference of 1-Ethylene glycol -2-Ethanol was -0.28029, It was indicated that 1-Ethylene glycol -2-Ethanol was so stable, this stabilitywas from the formation of hydrogen bond between Ethylene glycol-ethanol This phenomenonwas emphasized from the literatüre [13][14][15][16]. But in this study; the rate of ethanol was determined exactly.Moreover, dipole moment of 1-Ethylene glycol -2-Ethanol was 3.69211.The solubility of 1-Ethylene glycol -2-Ethanol was better than the others.…”

Section: A = -Elumomentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In their study; ethanol was used as an additive into ethylene glycol-NaCl electrolyte solutions to be adsorbed onto the surface of the electrode because of its polarity [14]. Ethanol was preferred for its many advantages such as lower toxicity, higher energy density [15].…”

Section: A = -Elumomentioning

confidence: 99%

The effective ethanol rate against the toxicity of ethylene glycol

Gökalp

2021

Turkish Computational and Theoretical Chemistry

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Ethylene glycol (EG) is a toxic substance and EG metabolites cause metabolic acidosis. The major emphasis in this study is to get rid of the toxicity of EG before conversion to its metabolites. The interaction between ethylene glycol and ethanol has been studied using DFT (Density functional theory method). In ethylene glycol metabolites in the blood; Glycolic acid is more stable and gloxal less stable. The interaction of ethylene glycol with ethanol has been considered for ethylene glycol metabolism. Thermodynamic values obtained from ethylene glycol metabolites and ethanol were also analyzed. According to the analyst results of ethanol and ethylene glycol ratios; The maximum effective point is very stable in the blood and its solubility is determined at this rate. It is very important to determine the most appropriate rate in the prevention of toxicity. This study is an important study in terms of the use of ethanol in the prevention of toxicity of EG, the first of its rates and in terms of preventing the loss of time and substance.

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“…[13][14][15] Recently, sodium chloride/ethylene glycol was used in electropolishing titanium. 16 As attractive electrolytic bath media, ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have drawn attraction of a number of research groups, particularly in anodic dissolution and electroplating. Ionic liquids are liquid mixtures of discrete ions of relatively large organic cations and anion, for example, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [C 4 min][Cl] below 100°C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Electropolishing of Pure Metallic Titanium in Choline Chloride-Based Various Organic Solvents

et al. 2021

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In this report we present a straightforward and efficient electropolishing methodology of pure metallic titanium in two different electrolytic baths; choline chloride-ethanol (ChCl-eth.) and choline chloride-methanol-butanol (ChCl-meth.-but.) in molar ratios of 1 : 4 and 1 : 6 : 2, respectively at 20°C. The electrolytic baths under study possess relatively low-cost and environmentally benign. In the electropolishing processes, potentiostatic technique was applied. For the surface characterizations both atomic force microscope (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used. The results showed that titanium surface was polished electrochemically at nanoscale and relatively free from defects. The working voltages of 2 and 1.2 V were applied in ChCl-eth. and ChCl-meth.-but., respectively within a time scale of 40 minutes in the present electrolytic baths. The roughness of pure metallic titanium (ca. 120.5 nm) was reduced to 0.10 nm in ChCl-eth. and 0.66 nm in ChCl-meth.-but.

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Effect of added ethanol in ethylene glycol–NaCl electrolyte on titanium electropolishing

Cited by 63 publications

References 44 publications

Electropolishing valve metals with a sulfuric acid-methanol electrolyte at low temperature

Electropolishing valve metals with a sulfuric acid-methanol electrolyte at low temperature

The effective ethanol rate against the toxicity of ethylene glycol

Novel Electropolishing of Pure Metallic Titanium in Choline Chloride-Based Various Organic Solvents

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