Effect of adhesive on the performance of piezoelectric elements used to monitor structural health

Qing, Xinlin; Chan, Hian Leng; Beard, Shawn; Ooi, Teng K.; Marotta, Stephen

doi:10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2005.10.002

Cited by 92 publications

(71 citation statements)

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“…Three applications were presented: (1) monitoring of the cure progress of the bonded repair adhesive, (2) identification of the initial artificial debonding between the composite patch and the metal structure, and (3) monitoring of the damage repaired by a bonded patch, which is under fatigue cycles. Qing et al (2006b) investigated experimentally the effect of adhesive thickness and its elastic modulus on the performance of adhesively bonded piezoelectric elements, which are used for structural health monitoring. The piezoelectric elements were adhesively bonded to aluminum plates.…”

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confidence: 99%

Experimental analyses of metal-composite bonded joints: damage identification

2014

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The advent of composite co-cured and co-bonded integrated construction in aircraft structures has lead to the replacement of fastened joints with bonded joints between the skins and the stiffeners. Skin-stiffener debondings could occur due to impact or other operational reasons and it is usually internal failure. Damage identification of bonded components, which are often vital elements in many structures, is crucial for the prevention of failure of the entire structure. Thus, different researchers have investigated vibration-based methods as an alternative technique to be used in the structural health monitoring (SHM) systems. Hence, this work consists of investigating experimentally through the vibration-based method, the dynamic behavior changes in a bonded metal-composite structure by using piezoelectric transducer and accelerometers in order to monitory the damage. The damage is an artificial debonding in the joint, which was simulated by inserting Teflon™ tapes within the joint. In-situ inspection as ensured by accelerometer and piezoelectric transducers (PZT) bonded to the structure. Indeed, with a simple comparison of the frequency response functions is difficult to conclude if there is damage in the structure, unless a large damage is presented. However, by using damage metrics, it is possible to identify the damage with more accuracy. Thus, the experimental results obtained by the accelerometers were compared to the data provided by the smart composite sensors (PZT). Finally, it was discussed the advantages and limitations of the experimental analyses and the identification technique proposal.

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Experimental analyses of metal-composite bonded joints: damage identification

2014

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“…Irrespective of whether EWP or EMI is used, measurements are first performed on the pristine structure to establish a baseline against which subsequent measurement data are compared ( (Qing et al, 2006a), p624). With EWP for example when damage develops it interacts with the transmitted (incident) waves (Figure 1.3), this alters the wave received at the sensor, for example changing its shape, phase, amplitude (Figure 1.4), time of arrival or impedance spectrum ( (Overly et al, 2009), p1415).…”

Section: Shm Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The interface provides the mechanical coupling to transfer the force and strain between the piezoelectric element and the structure ( (Qing et al, 2006a), p622).…”

Section: 142mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EMI is sensitive to; changes to structure bondlines ((AlOstaz et al, 2007), p348), changes in the thickness of the bondline between the structure and the transducer ( (Qing et al, 2006a), p622), changes to adhesive tensile modulus ( (Qing et al, 2006a), p625) and changes to adhesive shear modulus (Moharana and Bhalla, 2014). For sensor health assessment the technique has been shown to be capable of detecting debonding in the adhesive layer between a transducer and the host structure and degradation of the PZT element itself (Park et al, 2006).…”

Section: Electromechanical Impedancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of material property changes upon Lamb wave propagation is shown by Schubert and Herrmann (2012) and upon impedance by Qing et al (2006a) and Bhalla and Soh (2004). The presence of moisture changes the signals relative to the baseline and incorrect structural diagnosis will occur unless baseline shift compensatory methods are utilised.…”

Section: Materials Property Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the effects of structure-sensor interaction on piezoceramic transducers for structural health monitoring applications

Favier¹

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Surface bonded piezoceramic transducers used for structural health monitoring that are subjected to high strain loading are at risk of being compromised by damage to the attaching bond line or to the piezoceramic sensing element. In consequence, when baseline sensor data for a healthy structure is compared to subsequent data obtained from damaged sensors, incorrect assessment of the state of the structure may occur.This project investigated and developed a novel method of attaching piezoceramic transducers to specially prepared thermoset composite surfaces using functional thermoplastic surfaces as bond line media with the aim to improve the protection of the transducer from the damaging effects of high strain structural loading.To evaluate the effectiveness of this new approach, the fatigue performance of thermoplastic weld bonded and cyanoacrylate adhesive bonded transducers were compared.Finite element analysis (FEA) of transducer-bondline-structure models showed that strain transfer from the structure to the piezoceramic element reduced as bond layer thickness increased or as the bond layer modulus decreased. The simulations indicated that within each material layer shear strain changes gradually and the rate of change is different for each material type. At dissimilar material interface boundaries shear strain has a common value but the change gradient differences within each material mean the interface is a likely location for transducer failure.For cyanoacrylate and thermoplastic bonding systems the availability of published data regarding bond strength is limited. Static tensile testing was undertaken to generate some of the bond strength data for different bond layer thicknesses and a range of surface roughness. The data showed that tensile bond strength increased with decreasing adhesive layer thickness and that for the range of surface roughness tested the relative performance of each bond line thickness was similar.To further examine the performance of the two different bonding systems, fatigue testing was undertaken. The relative performance of each system was compared using transducer output voltage and impedance data. Specimens were fabricated by bonding 10 mm diameter, 1 mm thick silver electroded piezoceramic transducers to appropriately ii prepared thermoset composite test coupons. Test samples were subjected to sinusoidal loading at 5 Hz and maximum strains of 1000 µɛ, and 2000 µɛ or 3000 µɛ.For both bond types, sensor voltage output showed an initial period of rapid decrease in amplitude before typically settling at an approximate steady state output. The lower voltage output from the thermoplastic bonded transducers indicated that the thermoplastic bond lines reduced strain transfer between the host structure and the piezoceramic sensing element.The fatigue test results showed that polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) bonded transducers experienced a reduced or similar decrease in performance relative to the cyanoacrylate bonded transducers for the same number of load cycles and strain ran...

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Ship and Offshore Structures

Kim

2008

Encyclopedia of Structural Health Monitoring

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Structural health monitoring techniques for ship and offshore structures are summarized in this article. Owing to the increasing accidents associated with bulk carriers and large oil tankers, international regulating committees have recommended the use of hull stress monitoring systems for bulk carriers of 20 000 dwt and above to reduce the risks of structural failure since 1994. In this article, typical hull stress monitoring systems (HMS) and common sensors with monitored parameters are discussed. Long‐based strain gauge (LBSG), accelerometers, and other types of sensors, such as motion sensors and pressure sensors, that are employed in HMS are introduced. Particular requirements for HMS are summarized for each classification societies such as LR (Lloyed Register), ABS (American Bureau of Shipping), DNV (Det Norske Veritas), and IACS (International Association of Classification Societies). Moreover, emerging new technologies applicable for ship and offshore structures are also introduced. The basic principles and the application of fiber‐optic sensors (FOS), acoustic emission sensors (AE), and crack detection sensors (CD) are reviewed in the later part of this chapter. Finally, new requirements and trends in terms of structural health monitoring in marine industries are introduced. In particular, the importance of structural health monitoring technology that is applicable in cryogenic environment is presented.

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Effect of adhesive on the performance of piezoelectric elements used to monitor structural health

Cited by 92 publications

References 11 publications

Experimental analyses of metal-composite bonded joints: damage identification

Experimental analyses of metal-composite bonded joints: damage identification

Investigation of the effects of structure-sensor interaction on piezoceramic transducers for structural health monitoring applications

Ship and Offshore Structures

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