“…The higher HR was probably not due to central command since central command affects HR via removal of parasympathetic inhibition (Leonard et al ., 1985; Mitchell et al ., 1989; Seals & Enoka, 1989) rather than increases in sympathetic activity (Seals & Enoka, 1989). The response seen here was more likely due to the latter, since it can be removed with β‐adrenergic receptor blockade (Martin et al ., 1974; Morgan et al ., 1982). A caveat to this is that previous research suggested that central command alone can elicit marked increases in HR and, to a lesser extent, increases in blood pressure and sympathetic nerve activity when associated with near‐maximal effort (Victor et al ., 1989).…”