“…Hydrolysis is considered to be the rate-limiting step. Numerous pre-treatment methods, including thermal/hydrothermal (Ding et al, 2017), ultrasonic (Elbeshbishy and Nakhla, ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 2011), alkali or acid (Zhao et al, 2011), autoclaving (Tampio et al, 2014), microwaving (Shahriari et al, 2013), freezing/thawing (Stabnikova et al, 2008b), micro aeration (Rafieenia et al, 2017), and high voltage pulse discharge (Zou et al, 2016), were studied to promote FW hydrolysis and thus enhance methane production. Nevertheless, the application of these methods is restricted because of factors including by-products (e.g.…”