Effect of Aerobic Training and Detraining on Left Ventricular Dimensions and Diastolic Function in Prepubertal Boys and Girls

Abstract

These findings indicate that cardiac morphological adaptations can occur in prepubertal children after several months of aerobic training. These alterations differ however, in some areas, to those classically reported in adults following endurance training programs where both an increase in LV size and mass exist. Our data likewise demonstrate that endurance training is able to induce favourable LV diastolic filling modifications, directed principally towards an enhancement in the early rapid filling inflow and a corresponding reduction in the atrial contribution to the total diastolic inflow.

Two months of endurance training does not alter diastolic function evaluated by TDI in 9–11-year-old boys and girls

“…The cardiac remodelling in our trained boys and girls corresponded to that previously reported in the literature after short-term4 9 or long-term8 endurance training programmes or in highly trained children 3 6 10. LV end-diastolic diameter increased modestly but significantly whereas no changes were noticed for LV wall thickness.…”

Influence of Body Composition, Hemoglobin Concentration, and Cardiac Size and Function of Gender Differences in Maximal Oxygen Uptake in Prepubertal Children

“…All echocardiographic measurements and calculations were obtained according to standard procedures recommended by the American Society of Echocardiography, using the leading-edge-to-leading-edge method. Methodology used was previously described in Obert et al 15 The echocardiographic parameters measured or derived included the following: left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVID), posterior wall thickness (PWT) at end diastole, interventricular septal thickness (IVST) at end diastole, left ventricular shortening fraction (SF), and ejection fraction (EF). LVM was calculated according to the formula of Devereux et al 16 Moreover, the following measurements and calculations were made: peak velocity of early diastolic rapid inflow (E), peak velocity of atrial contraction filling (A), and E/A ratio.…”

Left Ventricular Structure and Function in Obese Adolescents: Relations to Cardiovascular Fitness, Percent Body Fat, and Visceral Adiposity, and Effects of Physical Training

“…Obert and colleagues found LV changes in nonobese youths using Ͼ80% heart rate maximum exercise intensity. 16 A higher exercise intensity and/or greater EE per exercise session, such as that seen in Obert's study, may result in favorable changes. Exercise sessions in our current studies are being performed at the schools of the children, rather than at our institute, to improve attendance.…”

“…14,15 Other weight-reducing interventions, such as gastric surgery, have resulted in favorable improvements in LVM and RWT. A recent 13-week training study in nonobese children found favorable improvements in LV structure 16 ; limitations of this study are that the participants were not randomly assigned to groups, and no between-groups analyses were performed. In obese adolescents, a weight-and %BF-reducing diet intervention did not elicit any changes in LV structure and function.…”