Effect of Age and Gender Variation in Normal Pituitary Gland Height Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Mohieldin, Abubaker; Mohamed, Duha; Mahmoud, Mustafa Z.; Fagiri, Maram A.; Abukonna, Ahmed

doi:10.9734/bjmmr/2016/29162

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Previous studies also showed a similar trend with regards to the morphology of the pituitary gland with the age and sex of the subjects. 1,10,11,12 The mean pituitary gland height and volume in our study was 5.11 ± 1.54mm and 344.49 ± 124.4 m 3 respectively. A study from Nepal by Lamichhane et al reported a mean pituitary height of 5.9 ± 0.3 which was almost similar to our finding (5.1 ± 1.5).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

“…5 Other studies also found the maximum height of the pituitary gland during the second and/ or third decade of life and gradual decline thereafter. 7,8,10,11,12 Again increase in height was noted at the fifth or/and sixth decade of life. 2,5,7,12 The increase in pituitary height during puberty might be related to the increased production of Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) at this time of growth and decrease in the pituitary height in the older age group might be due to changes in the endocrine status with ageing and also physiological atrophy of the pituitary gland.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological Study on Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Normal Pituitary Gland in Nepalese Population: Age and Sex-Related Changes

et al. 2020

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Introduction: The pituitary gland is the master endocrine gland that secretes important hormones and controls other glands. Its size, shape and volume vary with age and sex and also in various pathological conditions. This study was conducted to identify the size, shape and volume of the normal pituitary gland in different age groups of both genders using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).Methods: A retrospective study of the brain MRI Images of 203 patients was done in the Radiology and Imaging department of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences, Nepal. Anterior-posterior dimension, transverse dimension, height and shape of the pituitary gland were noted and volume was calculated. Descriptive analysis and relationship of pituitary parameters with age and sex were assessed using ANOVA and Chi-square tests.Results: The pituitary height and volume was maximum in the 11-20years age group. Similarly, the mean height and volume of the pituitary gland in female patients of each age group were greater than that of male patients in the same age group. The inferential analysis revealed significant differences for mean pituitary height and volume with age but not with gender. The upper surface convexity was maximum in the age group 11-20years.Conclusion: The study has shown a clear trend with regards to the morphology of the pituitary gland with the age and sex of the individual highlighting the size, shape and volume of the pituitary gland should be taken into consideration while evaluating the glands for any neuroendocrine disorders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Study on Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Normal Pituitary Gland in Nepalese Population: Age and Sex-Related Changes

et al. 2020

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“…The mean pituitary volume for men was 405 ± 118 mm 3 (range 116-896 mm 3 ) and 494 ± 138 mm 3 for women (range 114-1089 mm 3 ), constituting a significant difference (p < 0.001). The mean mid-sagittal pituitary height for men was 4.4 ± 1.4 mm (range 0.7-8.8 mm) and for women 4.9 ± 1.7 mm (range 0.0-11.2 mm), constituting a significant difference (p < 0.001).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The normal development of the pituitary gland is dependent on fluctuating neuroendocrine changes throughout life, thus the pituitary height and volume naturally varies with age and sex across the lifespan [1]. The majority of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) studies conducted on the normal physiological development of adolescence and adult pituitary size agrees that the pituitary size reaches its peak sometime during the 2nd or 3rd decade of life, and later declines in both men and women [1][2][3][4][5]. There is, however, conflicting results in the literature when it comes to persons above 50 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Normative data for pituitary size and volume in the general population between 50 and 66 years

2021

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Purpose The main aim of this study was to provide normative data for pituitary height and volume in persons between 50 and 66 years in the general population. The secondary aim was to establish a convenient surrogate marker of pituitary size for use in routine radiological practice. Methods From a geographically defined prospective healthy study, 1006 participants between 50 and 66 years had a brain MRI, of which 988 (519 women) were included in this study. We measured the mid-sagittal height, max-sagittal height and total volume of the anterior pituitary lobe based on T1-weighted 3D MRI images. Results Both the mean mid-sagittal and max-sagittal pituitary height were significantly larger in women compared to men, with 4.9 ± 1.7 mm versus 4.4 ± 1.4 mm (p < .001) for the mean mid-sagittal height and 6.8 ± 1.2 mm versus 6.1 ± 1.1 mm (p < 0.001) for the mean max-sagittal height. The mean anterior pituitary lobe volume was also significantly larger in women than in men (494 ± 138 mm3 vs. 405 ± 118 mm3) (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in these pituitary sagittal heights nor volume in either sex between the age groups 50–54, 55–59 and 60–66 years. The 95th percentile for mid-sagittal height, max-sagittal height and pituitary volume was 7.7 mm, 8.6 mm and 851 mm3 for women and 6.6 mm, 7.8 mm and 610 mm3 for men. Conclusion This study show that women have a larger pituitary gland than men in the age group between 50 and 66 years and provides normative data for pituitary size estimates which can be used for clinical diagnostic purposes as well as future research.

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Anterior Pituitary Volume in Patients with Transfusion Dependent Anemias: Volumetric Approaches and Relation to Pituitary MRI‑R2

et al. 2021

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Purpose Anterior pituitary iron overload and volume shrinkage is common in patients with transfusion-dependent anemia and associated with growth retardation and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. We investigated the accuracy of different MRI-based pituitary volumetric approaches and the relationship between pituitary volume and MRI-R2, particularly with respect to growth and hypogonadism. Methods In 43 patients with transfusion-dependent anemia (12–38 years) and 32 healthy controls (12–72 years), anterior pituitary volume was measured by a sagittal T1 GRE 3D sequence at 1.5T and analyzed by 3D semi-automated threshold volumetry (3D-volumetry). This reference method was compared with planimetric 2D-volumetry, approximate volume calculations, and pituitary height. Using a multiple SE sequence, pituitary iron as MRI-R2 was assessed by fitting proton signal intensities to echo times. Growth and hypogonadism were obtained from height percentile tables and patients’ medical charts. From body surface area and age adjusted anterior pituitary volumes of controls, Z‑scores were calculated for all subjects. Separation of controls and patients with respect to Z and pituitary R2 was performed by bivariate linear discriminant analysis. Results Tuned 2D volumes showed highest agreement with reference 3D-volumes (bias −4.8%; 95% CI:−8.8%|−0.7%). A linear discriminant equation of Z = −17.8 + 1.45 · R2 revealed optimum threshold sensitivity and specificity of 65% and 100% for discrimination of patients from controls, respectively. Of correctly classified patients 71% and 75% showed hypogonadism and growth retardation, respectively. Conclusion Accurate assessment of anterior pituitary size requires 3D or precise 2D volumetry, with shorter analysis time for the latter. Anterior pituitary volume Z‑scores and R2 allow for the identification of patients at risk of pituitary dysfunction.

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Effect of Age and Gender Variation in Normal Pituitary Gland Height Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Morphological Study on Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Normal Pituitary Gland in Nepalese Population: Age and Sex-Related Changes

Morphological Study on Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Normal Pituitary Gland in Nepalese Population: Age and Sex-Related Changes

Normative data for pituitary size and volume in the general population between 50 and 66 years

Anterior Pituitary Volume in Patients with Transfusion Dependent Anemias: Volumetric Approaches and Relation to Pituitary MRI‑R2

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