Effect of age and sex on carotid intima-media thickness, elasticity and brachial endothelial function in healthy adults: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study

Juonala, Markus; Kähönen, Mika; Laitinen, Tomi; Hutri‐Kähönen, Nina; Jokinen, Eero; Taittonen, Leena; Pietikäinen, M; Helenius, Hans; Viikari, Jorma; Raitakari, Olli T.

doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehm556

Cited by 166 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…First, the baseline diameter of the brachial artery has been reported as one of the major determinants of FMD (4,15), and it has even been suggested as a marker to predict future cardiovascular events similar to FMD (19). In the present study, the baseline diameter of the brachial artery also had a significant correlation with FMD (r= −0.45, p< 0.01).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…In contrast, previous large-cohort studies to assess the relationship of FMD to CVD risk factors showed age heterogeneity in the subjects. For example, the Young Finns Study was conducted in subjects aged 24-39 years (4,7), the PIVUS study and Cardiovascular Health Study were con- ducted in elderly subjects (5,9), most study subjects in the Framingham study were aged over 50 years (6) and the subjects in Celermajer's study were relatively young and included children (mean age= 36 years) (10). Thus, it has not been fully clarified whether aging itself may affect the relationships of other CVD risk factors to FMD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relationships of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors to Flow-Mediated Dilatation in Japanese Subjects Free of Cardiovascular Disease

et al. 2008

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationships of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors to Flow-Mediated Dilatation in Japanese Subjects Free of Cardiovascular Disease

et al. 2008

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“…This is consistent with previous reports that blacks showed greater mean and maximum IMT than South Asians and whites after adjusting for traditional CV risk factors 21, 23. There were no significant differences between males and females except that IMT_mean_r was higher in males.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…These studies reported IMT range between 0.49 and 0.59 mm for mean IMT and between 0.61 and 0.63 mm for maximum IMT 21, 22…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Growth of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness in Black and White Young Adults

Hao

Wang

Treiber

et al. 2016

JAHA

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BackgroundThere are few longitudinal studies that have comprehensively examined the intima‐media thickness (IMT) growth pattern and its determinants among racial population groups.Methods and ResultsMean and maximum IMT were measured by B‐mode ultrasonography up to 3 times in 253 white and 268 black participants, aged 13 to 36 years (mean age±standard deviation 24±3.2 years old). The development of IMT was assessed using individual growth curve modeling. A total of 521 participants with 1015 IMT measurements were eligible for this study. We found higher IMT in both left and right sides in blacks compared to whites (P<0.001) in young adulthood. Both whites and blacks showed a strong linear increase in mean IMT with age. Body mass index and father's education level were associated with mean IMT, and only body mass index was associated with maximum IMT (P<0.05). We did not observe an interaction between age and race/ethnicity on the growth of IMT, suggesting that blacks and whites developed IMT in similar patterns. Interestingly, we found a faster increase in mean left‐side IMT than mean right‐side IMT (χ2=11.5, P<0.001) in both black and white subjects as well as in males and females.ConclusionsOur findings provide compelling prospective evidence that blacks may have thicker IMT compared to whites as young adults. These racial differences could not be explained by traditional risk factors. This implies that differences in this precursor of atherosclerosis may explain racial disparity in cerebrovascular disease.

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“…The early increase in IMT reflects the ongoing adaptive/maladaptive process to elevated intravascular shear stress (28). Several anthropometric and metabolic findings such as age, elevated blood pressure, central obesity, hyperlipidemia, and IR have been shown as independent determinants of IMT in different populations (29)(30)(31). In a past study concerning CIMT in AI (26) it was demonstrated that in patients with non-functioning AI, a significant increase of CIMT was observed compared with BMI -unmatched subjects, while the increase was not statistically significant when compared to BMI matched controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating E-selectin levels and insulin resistance are associated with early stages of atherosclerosis in nonfunctional adrenal incidentaloma

Delibaşı

Karbek²,

Bozkurt

et al. 2015

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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Objective: To evaluate circulating E-selectin levels in patients with nonfunctional adrenal incidentaloma (NFA) in relation to insulin resistance and early atherosclerosis. Subjects and methods: A total of 40 patients with NFA (mean [SD] age: 55.6 [10.7] years; 70% were females) and 35 controls (mean [SD] age: 51.5 [8.1] years; 71.4% were females) selected from age-, gender-and body mass index (BMI)-matched healthy subjects were enrolled. Serum hsCRP, lipid profile, insulin levels and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were evaluated. High-resolution Bmode ultrasonography was performed. Serum levels of E-selectin were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Patients with NFA had significantly higher values for E-selectin (14.9 (4.8) vs. 12.2 (4.1) ng/mL, p < 0.01) and CIMT (0.6 (0.1) vs. 0.5 (0.1) mm, p < 0.05) than controls. Serum E-selectin levels showed a statistically significant association with hsCRP (r = 0.751, p < 0.001), HOMA-IR (r = 0.575, p < 0.001) and CIMT (r = 0.762, p < 0.001). CIMT (Carotid intima media thickness) was increased in patients with NFA patients with NFA were more insulin resistant than controls and statistically significant relationship was found between size of tumor and HOMA-IR (r = 0.361, p < 0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, based on significantly higher values for E-selectin, CIMT and HOMA-IR in patients with NFA than controls along with significant correlation of E-selectin levels to CIMT, HOMA-IR and hs-CRP, our findings seems to indicate an increased risk of early atherosclerosis and impaired endothelial function in NFA patients, particularly in case of insulin resistance. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(4):310-7

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Effect of age and sex on carotid intima-media thickness, elasticity and brachial endothelial function in healthy adults: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study

Cited by 166 publications

References 35 publications

The Relationships of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors to Flow-Mediated Dilatation in Japanese Subjects Free of Cardiovascular Disease

The Relationships of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors to Flow-Mediated Dilatation in Japanese Subjects Free of Cardiovascular Disease

Growth of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness in Black and White Young Adults

Circulating E-selectin levels and insulin resistance are associated with early stages of atherosclerosis in nonfunctional adrenal incidentaloma

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