Effect of age at cochlear implantation on open-set word recognition in Mandarin speaking deaf children

Wu, Jiunn-Liang; Lin, Cheng-Yu; Yang, Hui; Lin, Yi

doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2005.06.013

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…While adult performance was generally better than adolescent performance, there was no significant difference in performance between these two subject groups, and more subjects should be tested before drawing any strong conclusions. The number of pre-lingually deafened adolescent CI subjects (4) was too small to confirm the significant negative correlation between speech performance and age at implantation found in previous pediatric CI studies (e.g., Kirk et al, 2002; Zwolan et al, 2004; Connor et al, 2006; Wu et al, 2006). While there were too few subjects to fairly compare speech processing strategies, performance for subject S1 (the only HiRes user) was comparable to that of the other subjects who used the CIS strategy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Concurrent-vowel and tone recognition by Mandarin-speaking cochlear implant users

Luo

et al. 2009

Hearing Research

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In Mandarin Chinese, tonal patterns are lexically meaningful. In a multi-talker environment, competing tones may create interference in addition to competing vowels and consonants. The present study measured Mandarin-speaking cochlear implant (CI) users’ ability to recognize concurrent vowels, tones, and syllables in a concurrent-syllable recognition test. Concurrent syllables were constructed by summing either one Chinese syllable each from one male and one female talker or two syllables from the same male talker. Each talker produced 16 different syllables (4 vowels combined with 4 tones); all syllables were normalized to have the same overall duration and amplitude. Both single- and concurrent-syllable recognition were measured in 4 adolescent and 4 adult CI subjects, using their clinically assigned speech processors. The results showed no significant difference in performance between the adolescent and adult CI subjects. With single syllables, mean vowel recognition was 90% correct, while tone and syllable recognition were only 63 and 57% correct, respectively. With concurrent syllables, vowel, tone, and syllable recognition scores dropped by 40-60 percentage points. Concurrent-syllable performance was significantly correlated with single-syllable performance. Concurrent-vowel and syllable recognition were not significantly different between the same- and different-talker conditions, while concurrent-tone recognition was significantly better with the same-talker condition. Vowel and tone recognition were better when concurrent syllables contained the same vowels or tones, respectively. Across the different vowel pairs, tone recognition was less variable than vowel recognition; across the different tone pairs, vowel recognition was less variable than tone recognition. Thepresent results suggest that interference between concurrent tones may contribute to Mandarin-speaking CI users’ susceptibility to competing-talker backgrounds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Concurrent-vowel and tone recognition by Mandarin-speaking cochlear implant users

Luo

et al. 2009

Hearing Research

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“…The good tone recognition performers were those who were implanted before 6 yr of age. Age at implantation has been shown to negatively correlate with speech recognition (e.g., Cheng et al 1999; Connor et al 2006; Kirk et al 2002; O'Neill et al 2002; Tyler et al 2000; Waltzman et al 1997; Zwolan et al 2004), including tone-language speech recognition (Lee et al 2002; Wu et al 2006; Wu &Yang 2003) and tone production (Han et al 2007). Notably, Peng et al (2004) demonstrated significant correlations between age at implantation and Mandarin tone production—but not tone recognition—in 30 children implanted with Nucleus and MedEl devices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lexical Tone Perception with HiResolution and HiResolution 120 Sound-Processing Strategies in Pediatric Mandarin-Speaking Cochlear Implant Users

et al. 2009

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Objectives-Lexical tone recognition tends to be poor in cochlear implant users. The HiResolution (HiRes) sound-processing strategy is designed to better preserve temporal fine structure, or the detailed envelope information, of an acoustic signal. The newer HiRes 120 strategy builds on HiRes by increasing the amount of potential spectral information delivered to the implant user. The purpose of this study was to examine lexical tone recognition in native Mandarin Chinese-speaking children with cochlear implants using the HiRes and HiRes 120 sound-processing strategies. Tone recognition performance was tested with HiRes at baseline and then after up to 6 mo of HiRes 120 experience in the same subjects.Design-Twenty prelingually deafened, native Mandarin-speaking children, with ages ranging from 3.5 to 16.5 yr, participated. All children completed a computerized tone contrast test on three occasions: (1) using HiRes immediately before conversion to HiRes 120 (baseline), (2) 1 mo after conversion, and (3) 3 mo after conversion. Twelve of the 20 children also were tested 6 mo after conversion. In addition, the parents of 18 children completed a questionnaire at the 3-mo follow-up visit regarding the preference of sound-processing strategies and the children's experience related to various aspects of auditory perception and speech production using HiRes 120.Results-As a group, no statistically significant differences were seen between the tone recognition scores using HiRes and HiRes 120. Individual scores showed great variability. Tone recognition performance ranged from chance (50% correct) to nearly perfect. Using the conventional HiRes strategy, 6 of the 20 children achieved high-level tone recognition performance (i.e., ≥90% correct), whereas 7 performed at a level not significantly different from chance (50-60% correct). At the final test, either 3 or 6 mo after conversion, all children achieved tone recognition performance with HiRes 120 that was equal to or better than that with HiRes, although some children's tone recognition performance was worse initially at the 1 or 3 mo follow-up intervals than at baseline. Eight of the 20 children showed statistically significant improvement in tone recognition performance with HiRes 120 on at least one of the follow-up tests. Age at implantation was correlated with tone recognition performance at all four test intervals. Parents of most of the children indicated that the children preferred HiRes 120 more than HiRes.Conclusions-As a group, HiRes 120 did not provide significantly improved lexical tone recognition compared to HiRes, at least throughout the length of the study (up to 6 mo). There were

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“…Wu et al demonstrated that age at implantation is negatively correlated to the improvement of closed-set Mandarin-Chinese speech perception during the period of 1 and 2 years after implantation [17]. In a follow-up study during the period of 4 and 5 years after implantation, Wu et al again demonstrated that children who receive cochlear implantation before 3 years of age have significantly better speech perception than those who receive cochlear implantation after 3 years of age [18]. Lee et al (2002) also found that both age at implantation and duration of implant use contribute to Cantonese tone perception [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tone production of Mandarin Chinese speaking children with cochlear implants

Han

Zhou

et al. 2007

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the tone production performance of native Mandarin Chinese speaking children with cochlear implants and to evaluate the effects of age at implantation and duration of implant use on tone production in those children. Methods:Fourteen prelingually deaf children who had received cochlear implantation and 14 agematched normal-hearing children participated in the study. Both groups were of native Mandarin Chinese speaking children. One hundred and sixty tone tokens were recorded from each of the children. The total of 4480 tokens (160 × 28) were then used in tone perception tests in which seven normal-hearing native Mandarin Chinese speaking adults participated.Results-The tone production of the cochlear implant children showed tremendous individual variability. The group mean performance was 48.4% correct, statistically significantly lower than the group mean performance of 78.0% correct in the normal-hearing controls. The tone confusion matrix analysis revealed that the production of Mandarin tone 2 (the rising tone) was most severely impaired in the cochlear implant children, followed by tone 3 (the low and dipping tone) and tone 4 (the falling tone). The most frequently perceived tone irrespective of the target tone was tone 1 (the high level tone). The tone production performance was negatively correlated with the age at implantation and positively correlated with the duration of implant use. Conclusions:There is a remarkable deficit in tone production in a majority of native tone language speaking, prelingually deaf children who have received cochlear implants. While an increased duration of implant use might facilitate tone production, the age at implantation appears to have a negative effect on tone production in cochlear implant children. Therefore, early implantation might be beneficial to tone production in prelingually deaf children whose native language is a tone language.Keywords cochlear implant; tone production; pediatric; tone language; Mandarin Chinese * Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 740 593 0310; fax: +1 740 593 0287. E-mail address: XuL@ohio.edu (L. Xu).Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. In a preliminary report, we showed that prelingually deafened native Mandarin speaking children who had received cochlear implants demonstrated various degrees of deficits in tone production [4]. Peng et al. (2004) also reported that a majority of their 30 prelingually deaf children with cochlear implants did not master Mandarin tone production [5]. There is a growing body of literature th...

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Effect of age at cochlear implantation on open-set word recognition in Mandarin speaking deaf children

Cited by 19 publications

References 19 publications

Concurrent-vowel and tone recognition by Mandarin-speaking cochlear implant users

Concurrent-vowel and tone recognition by Mandarin-speaking cochlear implant users

Lexical Tone Perception with HiResolution and HiResolution 120 Sound-Processing Strategies in Pediatric Mandarin-Speaking Cochlear Implant Users

Tone production of Mandarin Chinese speaking children with cochlear implants

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