Effect of age on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in children and adolescents with asthma

Abstract

The relationship between exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) and exertional dyspnea in children and adolescents is yet to be fully established.This study examined whether indicators of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) percent predicted at baseline, and dyspnea are useful for predicting children and adolescents with EIB.Methods: We enrolled 184 children and adolescents diagnosed with asthma (mean age 11.2 years); participants were divided into two groups according to age (12 years) and were subjected to a 6-min exercise challenge test. Lung function tests and modified Borg scale scores were used to examine perceptions of dyspnea at 0, 5 and 15 minutes after exercise.Results: Among children, the maximum percentage drop in FEV1 after exercise correlated significantly with FeNO (adjusted β = 2.3, P < 0.001) and with the perception of dyspnea at 5 minutes after exercise (adjusted β = 1.9, P < 0.001).Among adolescents, the maximum percentage drop in FEV1 correlated with FeNO (adjusted β = 2.7, P = 0.007) and with lung function (FEV1, percent predicted; adjusted β = −0.28, P = 0.006). Children with EIB had significantly stronger dyspnea after exercise than did children without EIB. Adolescents even without EIB may experience more exertional dyspnea than children without EIB.Conclusions: Overall, our findings indicated that EIB was associated with FeNO and exertional dyspnea in asthmatic children. By contrast, EIB was associated with FEV1 percent predicted at baseline and FeNO but not with exertional dyspnea in asthmatic adolescents.

Health-related quality of life decreases in young people with asthma during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood: a birth cohort study

“…Adults from 18 years should do ≥ 150 min/week of moderate to vigorous activity or ≥ 75 min/week of vigorous activity d p values indicated differences between the 16-and 24-year follow-ups, respectively, and asthma, asthma control and asthma and physical activity regarding median EuroQol visual analogue scale scores obtained using quantile regression. Adjusted for sex, family history of allergic disease and socio-economic status reduced rates of obesity and better HRQoL [40]. However, since information on physical activity and asthma were collected at the same time, no conclusions on the temporal relationships between these variables could be drawn from our data.…”

Effort-induced bronchospasm in athletes: modern views on pathogenesis and diagnosis in high-school teenagers

“…Thus, when comparing the group of patients suffering from bronchial asthma and EIB with the group of healthy people, it was found that NO concentration is significantly higher for the first group. At the same time, NO level correlation with the increase of bronchial vessel wall permeability and clinical disease severity is noted [21][22][23]. It was found that there is an inverse correlation between the NO concentration and the FEV1 index.…”

Prevalence of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in younger swimmers’ asthmatics and non-asthmatics in a 200 meters front crawl swimming

“…In addition, chlorine exposure when swimming, pollution during running or cycling, cold air exposure, dry air while ice skating exposure or playing hockey, air temperature during hot yoga, have been described as important triggers of EIB (7) . Furthermore, age of children and adolescents also seems to influence EIB prevalence and intensity (8) . Thus, an early diagnosis of EIB, a phenomena that might be asymptomatic especially for mild EIB severity, would help for an earlier and better treatment, which may help to avoid the exclusion of children and adolescents in practice sports.…”