Effect of ageing temperature on reverse austenite content in AISI 630 stainless steel

Burja, Jaka; Šuler, B.; Nagode, Aleš

doi:10.1002/mawe.201800045

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…A small amount of retained austenite was found in the Q + T samples (0.5 vol%), while there was no retained austenite in the intercritically annealed samples. The increased nickel content can lead to retained austenite formation in martensitic stainless steels [36]. The light optical microscopy did not reveal any prior-austenite grain refinement during the intercritical annealing, the prior austenite grains were estimated to be between 5 and 6 for all samples (ASTM standard).…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Effect of Intercritical Annealing on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 0.1C-13Cr-3Ni Martensitic Stainless Steel

Burja

Šuler

Češnjaj

et al. 2021

Metals

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Standard heat treatment of martensitic stainless steel consists of quenching and tempering. However, this results in high strength and hardness, while Charpy impact toughness shows lower values and a large deviation in its values. Therefore, a modified heat treatment of 0.1C-13Cr-3Ni martensitic stainless steel (PK993/1CH13N3) with intercritical annealing between Ac1 and Ac3 was introduced before tempering to study its effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties (yield strength, tensile strength, hardness and Charpy impact toughness). The temperatures of intercritical annealing were 740, 760, 780 and 800 °C. ThermoCalc was used for thermodynamic calculations. Microstructure characterization was performed on an optical and scanning electron microscope, while XRD was used for the determination of retained austenite. Results show that intercritical annealing improves impact toughness and lowers deviation of its values. This can be attributed to the dissolution of the thin carbide film along prior austenite grain boundaries and prevention of its re-occurrence during tempering. On the other hand, lower carbon concentration in martensite that was quenching from the intercritical region resulted in lower strength and hardness. Intercritical annealing refines the martensitic microstructure creating a lamellar morphology.

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Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Effect of Intercritical Annealing on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 0.1C-13Cr-3Ni Martensitic Stainless Steel

Burja

Šuler

Češnjaj

et al. 2021

Metals

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show abstract

“…The subsequent fall in tensile strength in the 700 ppm Zr sample and the minimal increase in the 300 ppm Zr sample can be attributed to the loss of the precipitation hardening effect caused by small submicron nitride precipitates such as V(C, N) and the formation of micron-sized ZrN during solidification, preventing their formation during heat treatment. The precipitation hardening effect is more effective when the precipitates are a couple of nanometers in size [29]. The multitude of Zr-based sharp edged inclusions, both oxide and nitride, probably decrease the mechanical properties due to the notch effect and subsequent void formation.…”

Section: Rp02/mpa Rm/mpamentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Zr Additions on Non-Metallic Inclusions in X11CrNiMo12 Steel

Burja

Koležnik

Batič

et al. 2020

Metals

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The production of clean steel is associated with high-quality steel grades for demanding applications. The formation of oxide inclusions mainly depends on the deoxidation practice; it is usually carried out through Al additions, but alumina inclusions can have detrimental effects. An alternative zirconium inclusion modification was used in a creep-resistant steel to improve the cleanliness of laboratory-made steel. The thermodynamics behind the inclusion modification are presented, the reaction products are identified and the steel cleanliness improvement is quantified. The resulting influence of zirconium addition on non-metallic inclusions and mechanical properties is discussed. While the Zr additions drastically reduce the non-metallic inclusion size and area, additions above a certain amount result in the formation of zirconium nitrides that ultimately soften the martensitic steel due to the depletion of nitrogen in solid solution.

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“…2Cr13 stainless steel is a kind of martensitic stainless steel which is widely used in mechanical engineering because of its good corrosion resistance [1][2][3][4]. However, the relatively low chromium con-tent (~13 wt.%) in solutions containing chlorine results in lower corrosion resistance than other stainless steels [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of electric potentials on high‐temperature plasma nitriding of 2Cr13 stainless steel with active screen assisted

Shao

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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The influence of electric potentials on the characteristics of modified layers with plasma nitriding of 2Cr13 stainless steel at a high temperature was investigated. Three active screens were placed on the cathodic plate. Three groups of 2Cr13 stainless steel samples were set with cathodic, anodic, and floating potentials. Samples were nitrided at 500 °C for 5 h in an ammonia atmosphere. The treated samples were analyzed using x‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy, surface roughness tester, and atomic force microscopy. It is proved that nitriding treatments can be suitably carried out at three electric potentials, but the corresponding modified layers take on different microstructure, morphology, and hardness behaviors. It found that the three nitrided samples are mainly composed of the ϵ−Fe2‐3N and γ’−Fe4N phases. The order of thicknesses of the nitrided layers is: floating < anodic < cathodic potential. The results also demonstrated that electric potentials play essential roles in the corrosion resistance and tribological properties in plasma nitriding treatment. Because there is no visible precipitation of chromium nitride in the modified layer, the corrosion resistance of the floating nitrided sample is better than that of the other two samples.

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Effect of ageing temperature on reverse austenite content in AISI 630 stainless steel

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of Intercritical Annealing on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 0.1C-13Cr-3Ni Martensitic Stainless Steel

Effect of Intercritical Annealing on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 0.1C-13Cr-3Ni Martensitic Stainless Steel

Effect of Zr Additions on Non-Metallic Inclusions in X11CrNiMo12 Steel

Effect of electric potentials on high‐temperature plasma nitriding of 2Cr13 stainless steel with active screen assisted

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