Effect of aggregate size on leaching of herbicide in soil columns

Dekkers, W.A.; Barberá, E.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1977.tb00485.x

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Novak et al 131 showed that pore sizes in aggregates may be large enough to be in full equilibrium with free solution outside the aggregates. However, Dekkers and Barbera361 showed that aggregates exhibit less sorption in a column experiment than in a batch experiment, presumably because rapid flow does not allow time for equilibration with the interior of the aggregates.…”

Section: What Do These Parameters Mean? Confidence Limits On K D Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide soil sorption parameters: theory, measurement, uses, limitations and reliability

Wauchope

Yeh

Linders

et al. 2002

Pest Management Science

500

385

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The soil sorption coefficient Kd and the soil organic carbon sorption coefficient KOC of pesticides are basic parameters used by environmental scientists and regulatory agencies worldwide in describing the environmental fate and behavior of pesticides. They are a measure of the strength of sorption of pesticides to soils and other geosorbent surfaces at the water/solid interface, and are thus directly related to both environmental mobility and persistence. KOC is regarded as a 'universal' parameter related to the hydrophobicity of the pesticide molecule, which applies to a given pesticide in all soils. This assumption is known to be inexact, but it is used in this way in modeling and estimating risk for pesticide leaching and runoff. In this report we examine the theory, uses, measurement or estimation, limitations and reliability of these parameters and provide some 'rules of thumb' for the use of these parameters in describing the behavior and fate of pesticides in the environment, especially in analysis by modeling.

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Section: What Do These Parameters Mean? Confidence Limits On K D Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide soil sorption parameters: theory, measurement, uses, limitations and reliability

Wauchope

Yeh

Linders

et al. 2002

Pest Management Science

500

385

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…They rationalized that the pesticides were sorbed onto aggregate surfaces and that diffusional processes were insufficient to bring about a uniform distribution of sorbed pesticide within the aggregate. A few pesticide movement studies (Davidson and Chang, 1972; Hance, 1976; Dekkers and Barbera, 1977;Achik et al, 1991) have been conducted using a limited suite of soil aggregate sizes and a few select pesticides. Pore size associated with soil aggregates influenced pore water residence time, which would control pesticide penetration into large and small pores spaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Soil Aggregate Size on Atrazine Sorption Kinetics

Novak¹,

Moorman²,

Karlen³

1994

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…O oxadiazon, como composto praticamente insolúvel, não apresenta quase lixiviação nos solos (5) e o metribuzin, muito solúvel, apresenta um arrastamento considerá-vel em solos limosos (1).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Lixiviação de metribuzin, oxadiazon e bromacil em dois tipos de solos

Paulo

Signori

Deuber³

1979

Planta daninha

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A lixiviação de metribuzin, oxadiazon e bromacil, em dois tipos de solos foi estudada em colunas com precipitações simuladas de 60 e 120mm de chuva.Utilizaram-se colunas de 10 cm de diâmetro e 21 cm de altura, subdivididas em segmentos de 3 cm. Após a percolação da água os anéis foram separados e em cada um foi semeado alface para os que receberam metribuzin e bromacil e capimarroz para os que receberam oxadiazon. Avaliações foram realizadas até 14 dias após, fazendo-se nova semeação e avaliações por mais dez dias. Aplicou-se uma expressão aos números de plantas que morreram, levando-se em conta o tempo gasto para a morte, para o cálculo da quantidade de herbicida lixiviado em cada anel, utilizando os resultados de cada contagem.O oxadiazon não foi lixiviado além de 3 cm para qualquer condição do experimento. O metribuzin foi lixiviado até 9 cm em solo argiloso com 60 mm e até 18 cm com 120 mm. No solo barrento apresentou lixiviação até 21 cm com 60 mm de água, sendo semelhante com 120 mm. O bromacil apresentou maior lixiviação que o metribuzin em qualquer condição, com menor retenção nas camadas superiores com 60 mm. As diferenças de lixiviação ocorridas entre os dois solos se devem mais ao teor e tipo de argila e, em menor grau, ao teor de matéria orgânica.UNITERMOS: Lixiviação, metribuzin, oxadiazon, bromacil. SUMMARY LEACHING OF METRIBUZIN, OXADIA-ZON AND BROMACIL IN TWO TYPES OF SOILS.The leaching of metribuzin, oxadiazon and bromacil in two soils and simulated rainfalls of 60 and 120 mm of water was studied in columns.Columns with 10 cm diameter and 21 cm height, divided in sections of 3 cm were used. After the water percolated through the sections were separated and Lactuca sativa was sown in those with metribuzin and bromacil and Echinochloa cruzgalli in those with oxadiazon. Dead plants were counted every two days after emergence during two weeks and during ten days after a second sowing. An expression relating dead and living plants and the time plants took to die was used to estimate the concentration of the herbicides in each section of the columns, for each counting.Oxadiazon remained in the first 3 cm of the column for any condition studied. Metribuzin reached 9 cm in clay soil with 60 mm of water and 18 cm with 120 mm. In the loam soil it reached 21 cm with both precipitations. Bromacil showed more intense leaching than metribuzin in any conditions with lower retention in the upper sections with 60 mm. The differences of leaching between the two soils seem to be due more to the content and type of clay and less to the content of organic matter.

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Effect of aggregate size on leaching of herbicide in soil columns

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

Pesticide soil sorption parameters: theory, measurement, uses, limitations and reliability

Pesticide soil sorption parameters: theory, measurement, uses, limitations and reliability

Influence of Soil Aggregate Size on Atrazine Sorption Kinetics

Lixiviação de metribuzin, oxadiazon e bromacil em dois tipos de solos

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