Effect of aggregate storage piles configuration on dust emissions

Badr, T.; Harion, J.‐L.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.07.038

Cited by 49 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Therefore, piles with different shapes, heights, and configurations have varying, usually much higher, erosion or dust emission potentials compared to a flat surface (Badr and Harion 2007;Furieri et al 2014;Toraño et al 2007). Numerical simulations (usually computational fluid dynamics [CFD]) provide an excellent tool to test the effect of pile shape, configuration, and of any neighboring obstacles or piles on the redistribution of air flow pattern Harion 2005, 2007;Diego et al 2009;Farimani et al 2011;Ferreira et al 2011;Furieri et al 2014;Toraño et al 2007Toraño et al , 2009 Harion 2009, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have focused on flow conditions, geometry, or on configuration of piles, but few considered the size factor. The effect of wind is stronger on the top section of a high pile, which causes severe wind erosion, as the streamwise wind speed increases logarithmically with height in the turbulent boundary layer and air flow accelerates along the windward slope (Badr and Harion 2007;Dong et al 2002;Liu et al 2011).The objectives of this study were to determine the relationship between pile height and wind erosion potential, and to provide amplification factors or formulas that can be conveniently used to estimate wind erosion from elevated surfaces. The factors or formulas contain the effect of pile size and wind variation over pile surface on dust emission.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Numerical simulations (usually computational fluid dynamics [CFD]) provide an excellent tool to test the effect of pile shape, configuration, and of any neighboring obstacles or piles on the redistribution of air flow pattern Harion 2005, 2007;Diego et al 2009;Farimani et al 2011;Ferreira et al 2011;Furieri et al 2014;Toraño et al 2007Toraño et al , 2009 Harion 2009, 2010). Use of CFD methods provides many advantages over field studies and wind tunnel experiments, and CFD delivers high-resolution results, has the capability to resolve the complexity of wind flow, and has high flexibility (Badr and Harion 2007;Smyth 2016). The goal of the majority of erosion estimations adopting CFD methods is to refine the empirical emission factor (EF ) formulations proposed by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA 1995).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The entire simulation model was then scaled to build a group of six models containing other piles measuring 1, 1.7, 3, 9, and 12 m in height. The value of 1.7 m was used instead of 1.5 m (the latter is a quarter of the initial model) because the height of 1.7 m was found to be close to the height of piles in many slag areas in northwest China when dumped by an 8 m 3 truck, which is most often used.Many studies have demonstrated that the strength of a wind regime is proportional to the inlet wind speed for the turbulent erosive wind, which means the distribution of normalized wind speeds (u s /u r ) over different subareas remains the same over the pile under various inlet wind conditions (Badr and Harion 2007;Turpin and Harion 2009). This does not mean that the erosions over subareas remain the same under different wind conditions, because u * t is fixed but the u * value over each subarea changes with reference wind speed.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Amplification factors to estimate wind erosion of piles of soil with different heights: Numerical simulation and structure-from-motion photogrammetry verification

Liu¹,

Qu²,

Ning³

2018

Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

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Abstract:In this study, we propose amplification factors of single conical piles with different heights and sizes to describe wind erosion acceleration effects of piles compared to flat erodible surfaces. It is not difficult using traditional wind erosion models to estimate wind erosion of flat agricultural land or pastoral surfaces. However, in the current form these models cannot be used for elevated surfaces such as dunes or piles, which may lead to more serious dust emission and air pollution. A computational fluid dynamics simulation was used to refine a wind erosion estimation method of pile from the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) by dividing the pile surface into multiple subareas with constant wind speed for each subarea and then obtaining ratios of pile erosion to the corresponding flat surface by calculating the total erosion rate of the pile and that of a flat surface with the same floor area. The ratios as amplification factors, E amp , for six pile sizes (from 1 to 12 m) and five wind speed scenarios covering most erosive daily wind speeds from 824 stations throughout China were analyzed and fitted to equations to enable consideration of other heights and wind speed conditions. The changing patterns of the factors were verified using experimental surveys of two plots via the structure-from-motion photogrammetry method, which generated high-resolution digital elevation maps and detected detailed erosion changes. The erosion from a stockpile surface was found to be 2.52 to 7.16 times that from a flat surface with the same floor area, and the influence of pile height on amplification factor could be expressed by a logarithmic equation. These factors can be easily applied to estimate pile erosion by multiplying them by wind erosion results for flat surfaces obtained from other indexes or models. The procedure described in this paper can be extended to consider amplification or reduction effects of dunes, hills, piles, pits, and gullies with different shapes or configurations in relation to wind erosion. Furthermore, the reliability of wind erosion estimation over complex surfaces can be improved to implement specific soil conservation practices.Key words: computational fluid dynamics-Dunhuang-pile-structure-from-motion photogrammetry-wind erosion Wind erosion produces suspended particles from erodible surfaces and causes air pollution, land degradation, and human health problems. The impact of wind erosion is significant in areas severely affected by poor air quality, such as northern China. The effects of terrain obstructions like dunes or piles on modifying wind speed and wind erosion have long been identified (Bagnold 1941; Stunder and Arya 1988;Sullivan and Ajwa 2011). Several models have been developed and improved to estimate wind erosion from agricultural, pastoral, and, sometimes, human disturbed surfaces (Alfaro and Gomes 2001;Hagen 2001;Tatarko et al. 2016;Wagner 2013;Zhang et al. 2017). However, there are no models capable of estimating wind erosion from elevated surfaces because ...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Amplification factors to estimate wind erosion of piles of soil with different heights: Numerical simulation and structure-from-motion photogrammetry verification

Liu¹,

Qu²,

Ning³

2018

Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

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“…Several researchers have developed a multitude of techniques and methodologies to analyse the wind flow around the piles of open storage yards [1][2][3]. Computational Fluid Dynamic has largely implemented in the succeeding works to study the surrounding wind flow implications for the Aeolian particle transport in case of dune erosion [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dust emission modelling around a stockpile by using computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method

Derakhshani¹,

Schott²,

Lodewijks³

2013

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Dust emissions can have significant effects on the human health, environment and industry equipment. Understanding the dust generation process helps to select a suitable dust preventing approach and also is useful to evaluate the environmental impact of dust emission. To describe these processes, numerical methods such as Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) are widely used, however nowadays particle based methods like Discrete Element Method (DEM) allow researchers to model interaction between particles and fluid flow. In this study, air flow over a stockpile, dust emission, erosion and surface deformation of granular material in the form of stockpile are studied by using DEM and CFD as a coupled method. Two and three dimensional simulations are respectively developed for CFD and DEM methods to minimize CPU time. The standard -turbulence model is used in a fully developed turbulent flow. The continuous gas phase and the discrete particle phase link to each other through gas-particle void fractions and momentum transfer. In addition to stockpile deformation, dust dispersion is studied and finally the accuracy of stockpile deformation results obtained by CFD-DEM modelling will be validated by the agreement with the existing experimental data.

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Numerical modelling of aeolian erosion over a surface with non‐uniformly distributed roughness elements

Furieri

Harion

Milliez

et al. 2013

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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International audienceThe present study is focused on the analysis of the mean wall friction velocity on a surface including roughness elements exposed to a turbulent boundary layer. These roughness elements represent non-erodible particles over an erodible surface of an agglomeration of granular material on industrial sites. A first study has proposed a formulation that describes the evolution of the friction velocity as a function of geometrical parameters and cover rate with different uniform roughness distributions. The present simulations deal with non-uniform distributions of particles with a random sampling of diameters, heights, positions and arrangements. The evolution (relative to geometrical parameters of the roughness elements) of the friction velocity for several non-uniform distributions of roughness elements was analysed by the equation proposed in the literature and compared to the results obtained with the numerical simulations. This comparison showed very good agreement. Thus, the formulation developed for uniform particles was found also to be valid for a larger spectrum of particles noted on industrial sites. The present work aims also to investigate in detail the fluid mechanics over several roughness particles. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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Effect of aggregate storage piles configuration on dust emissions

Cited by 49 publications

References 19 publications

Amplification factors to estimate wind erosion of piles of soil with different heights: Numerical simulation and structure-from-motion photogrammetry verification

Amplification factors to estimate wind erosion of piles of soil with different heights: Numerical simulation and structure-from-motion photogrammetry verification

Dust emission modelling around a stockpile by using computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method

Numerical modelling of aeolian erosion over a surface with non‐uniformly distributed roughness elements

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