Effect of aging on breast skin thickness and elasticity: implications for breast support

Coltman, Celeste E.; Steele, Julie R.; McGhee, Deirdre E.

doi:10.1111/srt.12335

Cited by 35 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Nevertheless, as corresponding age dependence plots for these values have quite a large scatter, they cannot be used for supporting or opposing the formulated hypotheses. Data from the skin roughness measurements by the Cutometer are used for arguing and in general are in good agreement with previously reported values (Nedelec et al 2016;Coltman et al 2017).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Difference between the biologic and chronologic age as an individualized indicator for the skin care intensity selection: skin topography and immune system state studies, parameter correlations with age difference

Sukhovei¹,

Kostolomova²,

Unger³

et al. 2019

biomed dermatol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Present research addresses the issue of skin aging and corresponding skin treatment individualization. Particular research question was on the developing of simplified criterion supporting patient-specific decision on the necessity and intensity of skin treatment. Basing on the published results and a wide pool of experimental data, we have formulated a hypothesis that a difference between biologic and chronologic age can be used as an express criterion of skin aging. Methods: In present paper, we report the results of studies with 80 volunteers between 15 and 65 years of age, linking parameters reflecting immune state, skin state, and topography to the difference between biologic and chronologic age. Facial skin topography, skin moisture, sebum level, and skin elasticity were studied using commercial devices. Blood immunology studies were performed using venous blood samples. Correlations between all measured parameters and age difference were calculated. Also, cross correlations between skin cell profile and blood immune profile parameters, and skin roughness parameters were calculated. Results: Age dependencies of the blood immunological parameters on the biologic and chronologic age difference are less pronounced as compared to the changes in skin cell profile parameters. However, the changes in the tendencies when biologic age becomes equal to chronologic one are visible for all studied parameters. All measured skin roughness parameters show correlations with age difference, but average skin roughness and depth of the deepest profile valley have the largest correlation coefficient values. Many of the measured skin cell profile and blood immunology parameters show strong correlations with average skin roughness and deepest profile valley, with some of the coefficients exceeding 0.5-0.6. Conclusions: Basing on own experiments and published research results, it is possible to suggest using the difference between calculated biologic age and chronologic age as an individualized criterion supporting decisions on skin treatment strategy. Further research involving larger numbers of participants and aiming on optimizing the expressions for calculating biologic age could lead to reliable and easily available express criterion supporting the decision making for an individualized skin treatment.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Corresponding skin elasticity parameters (R-parameters) are extracted using the embedded software. Corresponding values measured for all participants were close to the values for the corresponding age groups reported in the literature (Nedelec et al 2016;Coltman et al 2017).…”

Section: Assessment Of the Skin Statesupporting

confidence: 88%

Difference between the biologic and chronologic age as an individualized indicator for the skin care intensity selection: skin topography and immune system state studies, parameter correlations with age difference

Sukhovei¹,

Kostolomova²,

Unger³

et al. 2019

biomed dermatol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Coltman et al reported that breast skin elasticity decreased with age. In our study, age had a moderate negative correlation with breast skin elasticity ( r = –0.353; P < .001) and a weak negative correlation with areolar skin elasticity ( r = –0.237; P = .001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many pathologic conditions, including infections, inflammation, primary skin diseases, some systemic diseases, Paget disease, lymphoma, and breast cancer, can affect breast and areolar skin . A limited number of studies in the literature assessed breast skin elasticity, and, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study in the literature that evaluated breast and areolar skin elasticity using SWE.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Normal Breast and Areolar Skin Elasticity Using Shear Wave Elastography

Şendur

Gültekin

Salimli

et al. 2018

J of Ultrasound Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives-In this study, we aimed to determine reference values for normal breast and areolar skin elasticity using shear wave elastography.Methods-The right breasts of 200 female participants were evaluated. The age, weight, body mass index, menopausal status, and parity number of all participants were noted. The elasticity values and thickness of the areolar skin and 4 quadrants of the breast skin of all participants were measured. To assess the reproducibility of shear wave elastography, a randomly selected subgroup of 35 participants was reevaluated by a second observer.Results-The mean age of the participants AE SD was 48.79 AE 10.74 years (range, 18-79 years). The mean elasticity measurements for the superior, inferior, lateral, and medial regions of the breast and areolar skin were 33. 54, 29.84, 30.16, 29.20, and 31.35 kPa, respectively. The mean of the 4-quadrant measurements of breast skin elasticity was 30.68 AE 9.11 kPa. Age had a moderate negative correlation with breast skin elasticity (r = -0.353; P < .001) and a weak negative correlation with areolar skin elasticity (r = -0.237; P = .001). The parity number had weak negative correlations with breast (r = -0.150; P = .034) and areolar (r = -0.207; P < .001) skin elasticity. The interobserver agreement varied from good to excellent (intraclass correlation coefficients, 0.67-0.91) for the breast and areolar skin elasticity measurements.Conclusions-Shear wave elastography is a reproducible imaging modality for evaluations of breast and areolar skin elasticity, and our results may provide important pilot data for evaluations of clinical entities that affect the breast and areolar skin structures.

show abstract

“…Though mentioned above indices are based on the objective data commonly available or easily obtainable for each person, neither of them was proven totally reliable for determining if the skin of a particular person needs special care and, if so, how intense such care should be. There are also suggestions that using skin analysis methods more sensitive to the intrinsic rather than extrinsic skin features (Guinot et al 2002;Sanders and Newman 2013;Krištić et al 2014;Trojahn et al 2015aTrojahn et al , 2015bTrojahn et al , 2015c; Wang and Dreesen 2018) may be preferable for the express assessment of the perceived age (Gunn et al 2008;Coma et al 2014) together with the methods assessing skin roughness (Edwards et al 2003;Jacobi et al 2004;Masuda et al 2014;Trojahn et al 2015aTrojahn et al , 2015bTrojahn et al , 2015, or skin mechanical properties (Rodrigues 2001;Luebberding et al 2014;Woo et al 2014;Coltman et al 2017). Nevertheless, experimental methods bringing detailed quantifiable information are often demanding complex skin or blood analysis and corresponding equipment with lengthy and expensive measurement procedures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Difference between the biologic and chronologic age as an individualized indicator for the skincare intensity selection: skin cell profile and age difference studies

Sukhovei¹,

Kostolomova²,

Unger³

et al. 2019

biomed dermatol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The present research addresses the issue of skin aging and corresponding skin treatment individualization. Particular research question was on the development of a simplified criterion supporting patientspecific decisions about the necessity and intensity of skin treatment. Basing on published results and a wide pool of our own experimental data, a hypothesis is formulated that a difference between biologic and chronologic age can be used as a powerful indicator of skin aging. Methods: In the present paper, we report the results of studies with 80 volunteers between 15 and 65 years of age linking skin cell profile parameters to biologic and chronologic age. Biologic age was calculated using the empirical expressions based on the forced vital lung capacity, systolic blood pressure, urea concentration, and blood cholesterol level. Epidermis and derma cellular structures were studied using skin biopsy samples taken from the gluteal region. Results: The present study supports the conclusion that biologic and chronologic age difference is changing in the progress of life. Our studies are showing that time point when calculated biologic age becomes equal to the chronologic one reflecting the onset of specific changes in the age dependencies of experimentally measured skin cell profile parameters. Thus, it is feasible that a difference between chronologic and individually assessed biologic age indeed reflects the process of skin aging. Conclusions: With all reservations to the relatively small number of study participants, it seems feasible that a difference between biologic and chronologic age can be used as an indicator of skin aging. Additional research linking blood immune profile and skin topography to the difference of biologic and chronologic age (reported in the following paper) provides further support for the formulated hypotheses. So, a difference between calculated biologic age and chronologic age can be used as an individualized criterion supporting decisions on skin treatment strategies. Further research involving larger numbers of participants aimed at optimizing the expressions for calculating biologic age could lead to reliable and easily available express criterion supporting the decision for the individualized skin treatment.

show abstract

Effect of aging on breast skin thickness and elasticity: implications for breast support

Abstract: Aging is associated with a significant decline in breast skin thickness and elasticity, which is likely to reduce anatomical breast support. Women might therefore benefit from increased external breast support (i.e. a more supportive bra) with increasing age.

Cited by 35 publications

References 42 publications

Difference between the biologic and chronologic age as an individualized indicator for the skin care intensity selection: skin topography and immune system state studies, parameter correlations with age difference

Difference between the biologic and chronologic age as an individualized indicator for the skin care intensity selection: skin topography and immune system state studies, parameter correlations with age difference

Determination of Normal Breast and Areolar Skin Elasticity Using Shear Wave Elastography

Difference between the biologic and chronologic age as an individualized indicator for the skincare intensity selection: skin cell profile and age difference studies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About